lib: unify ICU and no-ICU TextDecoder

[ChALkeR]

Better reviewed with whitespace ignored

1. Fix TextDecoder defaults to stream: true instead of false with null options #61411
2. Add support for fatal UTF-8 decoder in no-ICU version unless streaming is used
3. add utf-8 fast path to no-ICU version
4. reduce duplication of TextDecoder source
5. normalize how this[kHandle] was not set in no-ICU version
6. The refactor changes the encoding reported in the no-ICU version when encoding is recognized but unsupported: now the actual resolved encoding name is reported as unsupported when previously the original input string was reported.
   I don't think this is major, and reporting the actual encoding name is better in that case.

This will allow further fixes and common fast path for UTF-16 / fixed impl for UTF-16 as string_decoder doesn't implement UTF-16 per spec.

UTF-16 is still broken in no-ICU version here, this PR does not address that.
Tracking: #61041

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/startup

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 88.50%. Comparing base (955d347) to head (fb0ca32).
⚠️ Report is 10 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #61409      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.52%   88.50%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         704      704              
  Lines      208802   208830      +28     
  Branches    40318    40311       -7     
==========================================
- Hits       184842   184833       -9     
- Misses      15947    15968      +21     
- Partials     8013     8029      +16     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/encoding.js	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.