Infer placeholder type from ANY/ALL subquery, unit tests

[HairstonE]

Which issue does this PR close?

Closes #22475.

Rationale for this change

$1 = ANY (SELECT ...) and $1 <> ALL (SELECT ...) left the placeholder untyped because infer_placeholder_types had no arm for SetComparison.

What changes are included in this PR?

Adds the SetComparison arm to infer_placeholder_types, reading the type from the subquery's projected column. Covers all quantifiers (ANY, ALL) and comparison operators.

How are these changes tested?

Unit tests for ANY and ALL placeholder inference, plus end-to-end sqllogictests with PREPARE/EXECUTE.

Are there any user-facing changes?

No.

[Omega359]

I do not see any slt tests as part of this pr? I had codex write some and they seem to fail on the branch with "Schema error: Schema contains duplicate unqualified field name mark" in optimize_projections.

# Allow prepare $1 = ANY (subquery)
statement ok
PREPARE my_plan AS SELECT id FROM person WHERE $1 = ANY (SELECT age FROM person);

query I rowsort
EXECUTE my_plan(20);
----
1

query I rowsort
EXECUTE my_plan(99);
----

statement ok
DEALLOCATE my_plan

# Allow prepare $1 <> ALL (subquery)
statement ok
PREPARE my_plan AS SELECT id FROM person WHERE $1 <> ALL (SELECT age FROM person);

query I rowsort
EXECUTE my_plan(99);
----
1

query I rowsort
EXECUTE my_plan(20);
----

statement ok
DEALLOCATE my_plan

[HairstonE]

@Omega359 Thanks for the review. I ran into the same Schema Error on main when looking into this. The slt tests would fail because of #22477 , so I stuck with unit tests to verify the implementation.