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<h1><a href="http://wbowam.github.io/pythonzhong-raw_inputhe-inputde-yi-tong-dian.html"> Python中raw_input和input的异同点 </a></h1>
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<p>一般软件做的事情主要就是下面几条：<br />
· 接受人的输入。 <br />
· 改变输入。 <br />
· 打印出改变了的输入 <br />
———来自<<a href="http://tulpar008.github.io/ben-ban-fa-xue-python.html">笨办法学Python</a>></p>
<hr />
<h3 id="_1">相同点<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<p>这两个函数均用来接收输入，上述真理已足以说明它们的重要性，我不赘述了。</p>
<h3 id="_2">不同点<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<p><strong>1. raw_input() 直接读取控制台的输入（任何类型的输入它都可以接收）。而对于 input() ，它希望能够读取一个合法的 python 表达式，即你输入字符串的时候必须使用引号将它括起来，否则它会引发一个 SyntaxError 。</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nx">raw_input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"请输入字符串，不用写引号："</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="err">请输入字符串，不用写引号：</span><span class="nx">guoshu</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"请输入字符串，不写引号试试："</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="err">请输入字符串，不写引号试试：</span><span class="nx">guoshu</span>
<span class="nx">Traceback</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">most</span> <span class="nx">recent</span> <span class="nb">call</span> <span class="nb">last</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="nb">File</span> <span class="s2">"<pyshell#1>"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">line</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">module</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="n">input_A</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Input: "</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">File</span> <span class="s2">"<string>"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">line</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">module</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="nx">NameError</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">name</span> <span class="s1">'guoshu'</span> <span class="nx">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nx">defined</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"请输入字符串，必须写引号："</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="err">请输入字符串，必须写引号：</span><span class="nx">guoshu</span>
</pre></div>
<p><strong>2. raw_input() 将所有输入作为字符串看待，返回字符串类型。而input() 可接受合法的 python 表达式，包括数字，字符串（有引号才算合法的字符串表达式），其他（如1+2）。</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">d1</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">raw_input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"raw_input输入数字时："</span>
<span class="n">raw_input</span><span class="err">输入数字时：</span><span class="mi">123</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o"><</span><span class="n">type</span> <span class="err">'</span><span class="n">str</span><span class="err">'</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">d2</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"input输入数字时："</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">input</span><span class="err">输入数字时：</span><span class="mi">123</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o"><</span><span class="n">type</span> <span class="err">'</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="err">'</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">e1</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">raw_input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"raw_input输入表达式时："</span>
<span class="n">raw_input</span><span class="err">输入表达式时：</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o"><</span><span class="n">type</span> <span class="err">'</span><span class="n">str</span><span class="err">'</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">e1</span>
<span class="err">'</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="err">'</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">e2</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"input输入表达式时："</span>
<span class="n">input</span><span class="err">输入表达式时：</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">e2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o"><</span><span class="n">type</span> <span class="err">'</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="err">'</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="o">>>></span><span class="n">e2</span>
<span class="mi">5</span>
</pre></div>
<h3 id="_3">看看文档时怎么说滴：<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="cp">[</span><span class="nx">prompt</span><span class="cp">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">*</span> <span class="nx">Equivalent</span> <span class="nx">to</span> <span class="nb">eval</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">raw_input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">prompt</span><span class="p">)).</span>
<span class="o">*</span> <span class="nx">This</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">does</span> <span class="nx">not</span> <span class="k">catch</span> <span class="nx">user</span> <span class="nx">errors</span><span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">If</span> <span class="nx">the</span> <span class="nx">input</span> <span class="nx">is</span> <span class="nx">not</span> <span class="nx">syntactically</span> <span class="nx">valid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">a</span> <span class="nx">SyntaxError</span> <span class="nx">will</span> <span class="nx">be</span> <span class="nx">raised</span><span class="p">.</span> <span class="nx">Other</span> <span class="nx">exceptions</span> <span class="nx">may</span> <span class="nx">be</span> <span class="nx">raised</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">there</span> <span class="nx">is</span> <span class="nx">an</span> <span class="nx">error</span> <span class="nx">during</span> <span class="nx">evaluation</span><span class="p">.</span>
<span class="o">*</span> <span class="nx">If</span> <span class="nx">the</span> <span class="nx">readline</span> <span class="nx">module</span> <span class="nx">was</span> <span class="nx">loaded</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">then</span> <span class="nx">input</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="nx">will</span> <span class="nx">use</span> <span class="nx">it</span> <span class="nx">to</span> <span class="nx">provide</span> <span class="nx">elaborate</span> <span class="nx">line</span> <span class="nx">editing</span> <span class="nx">and</span> <span class="nx">history</span> <span class="nx">features</span><span class="p">.</span>
<span class="o">*</span> <span class="nx">Consider</span> <span class="nx">using</span> <span class="nx">the</span> <span class="nx">raw_input</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="nx">general</span> <span class="nx">input</span> <span class="nx">from</span> <span class="nx">users</span><span class="p">.</span>
</pre></div>
<h5 id="_4">第一点<a class="headerlink" href="#_4" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h5>
<p>input() 本质上还是使用 raw_input() 来实现的，只是调用完 raw_input() 之后再调用 <a href="http://tulpar008.github.io/python-exeche-evalyu-ju.html">eval() 函数</a>。</p>
<h5 id="_5">第四点<a class="headerlink" href="#_5" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h5>
<p>除非对 input() 有特别需要，否则一般情况下我们都是推荐使用 raw_input() 来与用户交互。</p>
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<h4>Published</h4>
<time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2014-07-08T00:00:00+08:00">Jul 8, 2014</time>
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