MainWindow.xaml.cs

// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Threading;
using Microsoft.Web.WebView2.Core;
using Microsoft.Web.WebView2.Wpf;

namespace WebView2WpfBrowser
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
#region commands
        public static RoutedCommand InjectScriptCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand InjectScriptIFrameCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand InjectScriptWithResultCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PrintToPdfCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NavigateWithWebResourceRequestCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DOMContentLoadedCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand WebMessagesCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand GetCookiesCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SuspendCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ResumeCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CheckUpdateCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NewBrowserVersionCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PdfToolbarSaveCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SmartScreenEnabledCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand AuthenticationCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand FaviconChangedCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ClearBrowsingDataCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SetDefaultDownloadPathCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CreateDownloadsButtonCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ShowExtensionsWindowCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CustomClientCertificateSelectionCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CustomContextMenuCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DeferredCustomCertificateDialogCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand BackgroundColorCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DownloadStartingCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand AddOrUpdateCookieCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DeleteCookiesCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DeleteAllCookiesCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SetUserAgentCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PasswordAutosaveCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand GeneralAutofillCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PinchZoomCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SwipeNavigationCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DeleteProfileCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NonClientRegionSupportCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NonClientRegionSupportEnabledCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ToggleMuteStateCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand AllowExternalDropCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand LaunchingExternalUriSchemeCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PerfInfoCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CustomServerCertificateSupportCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ClearServerCertificateErrorActionsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NewWindowWithOptionsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CreateNewThreadCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ExtensionsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand TrackingPreventionLevelCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand EnhancedSecurityModeLevelCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand EnhancedSecurityModeGetBypassListCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand EnhancedSecurityModeSetBypassListCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand EnhancedSecurityModeGetEnforceListCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand EnhancedSecurityModeSetEnforceListCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PrintDialogCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PrintToDefaultPrinterCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PrintToPrinterCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PrintToPdfStreamCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        // Commands(V2)
        public static RoutedCommand AboutCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CrashBrowserProcessCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand CrashRenderProcessCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand GetDocumentTitleCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand GetUserDataFolderCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SharedBufferRequestedCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PostMessageStringCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand PostMessageJSONCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand CloseWebViewCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NewWebViewCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NewWebViewCompositionControlCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand HostObjectsAllowedCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand BrowserAcceleratorKeyEnabledCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand AddInitializeScriptCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand RemoveInitializeScriptCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand CallCdpMethodCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand OpenDevToolsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand OpenTaskManagerCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand PermissionManagementCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand NotificationReceivedCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand SetCustomDataPartitionCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ClearCustomDataPartitionCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ProcessExtendedInfoCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand ProgrammaticSaveAsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ToggleSilentCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ThrottlingControlCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand FileExplorerCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ToggleScreenCaptureEnableCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand FileTypePolicyCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static RoutedCommand ServiceWorkerRegisteredCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand GetServiceWorkerRegistrationsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand GetServiceWorkerRegisteredForScopeCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand DedicatedWorkerCreatedCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand SharedWorkerManagerCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand GetSharedWorkersCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ServiceWorkerSyncManagerCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand ChildFrameEventsCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static RoutedCommand RemoveChildFrameEventsCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand StartCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand FindNextCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand FindPreviousCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand StopFindCommand = new RoutedCommand();
        public static  RoutedCommand FindTermCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand GetMatchCountCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand GetActiveMatchIndexCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand ToggleCaseSensitiveCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand ToggleShouldHighlightAllMatchesCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand ToggleShouldMatchWordCommand = new RoutedCommand();

        public static  RoutedCommand ToggleSuppressDefaultFindDialogCommand = new RoutedCommand();

#endregion commands

        bool _isNavigating = false;

        // for add/remove initialize script
        string m_lastInitializeScriptId;

        CoreWebView2Settings _webViewSettings;
        CoreWebView2Settings WebViewSettings
        {
            get
            {
                if (_webViewSettings == null && _iWebView2?.CoreWebView2 != null)
                {
                    _webViewSettings = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings;
                }
                return _webViewSettings;
            }
        }
        CoreWebView2Environment _webViewEnvironment;
        CoreWebView2Environment WebViewEnvironment
        {
            get
            {
                if (_webViewEnvironment == null && _iWebView2?.CoreWebView2 != null)
                {
                    _webViewEnvironment = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment;
                }
                return _webViewEnvironment;
            }
        }
        CoreWebView2Profile _webViewProfile;
        CoreWebView2Profile WebViewProfile
        {
            get
            {
                if (_webViewProfile == null && _iWebView2?.CoreWebView2 != null)
                {
                    // <Profile>
                    _webViewProfile = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Profile;
                    // </Profile>
                }
                return _webViewProfile;
            }
        }

        // Try not to set these directly. Instead these should be updated by calling SetWebView().
        // We can switch between using a WebView2 or WebView2CompositionControl element.
        bool _useCompositionControl = false;
        WebView2CompositionControl webView2CompositionControlXamlElement = null;
        private FrameworkElement _webView2FrameworkElement; // Helper reference pointing to the current WV2 control.
        private IWebView2 _iWebView2; // Helper reference pointing to the current WV2 control.

        bool _isNewWindowRequest = false;
        List<CoreWebView2Frame> _webViewFrames = new List<CoreWebView2Frame>();
        IReadOnlyList<CoreWebView2ProcessInfo> _processList = new List<CoreWebView2ProcessInfo>();

        IDictionary<(string, CoreWebView2PermissionKind, bool), bool> _cachedPermissions =
            new Dictionary<(string, CoreWebView2PermissionKind, bool), bool>();

        List<CoreWebView2PermissionKind> _permissionKinds = new List<CoreWebView2PermissionKind>
        {
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Microphone,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Camera,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Geolocation,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Notifications,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.OtherSensors,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.ClipboardRead,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.MultipleAutomaticDownloads,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.FileReadWrite,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Autoplay,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.LocalFonts,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.MidiSystemExclusiveMessages,
          CoreWebView2PermissionKind.WindowManagement,
        };

        List<CoreWebView2PermissionState> _permissionStates = new List<CoreWebView2PermissionState>
        {
          CoreWebView2PermissionState.Allow,
          CoreWebView2PermissionState.Deny,
          CoreWebView2PermissionState.Default
        };

        List<CoreWebView2SaveAsKind> _saveAsKindList = new List<CoreWebView2SaveAsKind>
        {
            CoreWebView2SaveAsKind.Default,
            CoreWebView2SaveAsKind.HtmlOnly,
            CoreWebView2SaveAsKind.SingleFile,
            CoreWebView2SaveAsKind.Complete,
        };

        public CoreWebView2CreationProperties CreationProperties { get; set; } = null;

        public MainWindow() : this(null, false)
        {
        }

        public MainWindow(
            CoreWebView2CreationProperties creationProperties = null,
            bool isNewWindowRequest = false)
        {
            this.CreationProperties = creationProperties;
            DataContext = this;
            Loaded += MainWindow_Loaded;
            _isNewWindowRequest = isNewWindowRequest;
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private async void MainWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // We default to a regular WebView2 control.
            this.CreationProperties = this.CreationProperties ?? webView2XamlElement.CreationProperties;
            SetWebView(webView2XamlElement, false /*useCompositionControl*/);
            await InitializeWebView(webView2XamlElement);
            SetWebViewVisibility(true);
        }

        // Calling this function sets the various WebView2 control references and updates
        // the _useCompositionControl value.
        private void SetWebView(IWebView2 newWebView2, bool useCompositionControl)
        {
            if (useCompositionControl)
            {
                webView2CompositionControlXamlElement = newWebView2 as WebView2CompositionControl;
            }
            else
            {
                webView2XamlElement = newWebView2 as WebView2;
            }
            _webView2FrameworkElement = newWebView2 as FrameworkElement;
            _iWebView2 = newWebView2;
            _useCompositionControl = useCompositionControl;

            // We display the type of control in the window title, so update that now.
            UpdateTitle();
        }

        async Task InitializeWebView(IWebView2 webView2)
        {
            if (this.CreationProperties != null)
            {
                webView2.CreationProperties = this.CreationProperties;
            }
            AttachControlEventHandlers(webView2);
            // Set background transparent
            webView2.DefaultBackgroundColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            await webView2.EnsureCoreWebView2Async();
        }

        // In general, re-initializing a WebView2 involves creating and initializing a new WebView2, and then
        // swapping it when ready.
        // We do it in this order to avoid any race conditions of closing the existing WebView2 and having the browser
        // process exit before the new WebView2 is spun up.
        async Task ReinitializeWebView(bool useCompositionControl)
        {
            // First, create a new control, add it to the visual tree hidden, and initialize it.
            IWebView2 newWebView = CreateReplacementControl(false /*useNewEnvironment*/, useCompositionControl);
            (newWebView as FrameworkElement).Visibility = Visibility.Hidden;
            AttachControlToVisualTree(newWebView as FrameworkElement);
            await InitializeWebView(newWebView);

            // Next, remove the existing WebView2 and close it.
            CloseWebView();

            // Add the new control to the visual tree and set it as the current control.
            SetWebView(newWebView, useCompositionControl);
            SetWebViewVisibility(true);
        }

        void CloseWebView(bool recreate = false)
        {
            shouldAttemptReinitOnBrowserExit = recreate;
            RemoveControlFromVisualTree(_webView2FrameworkElement);
            _iWebView2?.Dispose();
            _webView2FrameworkElement = null;
            _iWebView2 = null;
        }

        void AttachControlEventHandlers(IWebView2 control)
        {
            control.NavigationStarting += WebView_NavigationStarting;
            control.NavigationCompleted += WebView_NavigationCompleted;
            control.CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted += WebView_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted;
            (control as FrameworkElement).KeyDown += WebView_KeyDown;
        }

        private void OnWebViewVisibleChecked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SetWebViewVisibility(true);
        }

        private void OnWebViewVisibleUnchecked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SetWebViewVisibility(false);
        }

        private void SetWebViewVisibility(bool visible)
        {
            if (_webView2FrameworkElement != null)
            {
                _webView2FrameworkElement.Visibility = (visible ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Hidden);
            }
            webViewVisible.IsChecked = visible;
        }

        private bool IsWebViewVisible()
        {
            return _webView2FrameworkElement.Visibility == Visibility.Visible;
        }

        bool IsWebViewValid()
        {
            try
            {
                return _iWebView2 != null && _iWebView2.CoreWebView2 != null;
            }
            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is ObjectDisposedException || ex is InvalidOperationException)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        void AssertCondition(bool condition, string message)
        {
            if (condition)
                return;
            MessageBox.Show(message, "Assertion Failed");
        }

        void NewCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            new MainWindow().Show();
        }

        void CloseCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_isPrintToPdfInProgress)
            {
                var selection = MessageBox.Show(
                    "Print to PDF in progress. Continue closing?",
                    "Print to PDF", MessageBoxButton.YesNo);
                if (selection == MessageBoxResult.No)
                {
                    return;
                }
            }
            CloseWebView();
            this.Close(); // Close the window
        }

        void BackCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = _iWebView2 != null && _iWebView2.CanGoBack;
        }

        void BackCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.GoBack();
        }

        void ForwardCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = _iWebView2 != null && _iWebView2.CanGoForward;
        }

        void ForwardCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.GoForward();
        }

        void RefreshCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = IsWebViewValid() && !_isNavigating;
        }

        void RefreshCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.Reload();
        }

        void BrowseStopCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = IsWebViewValid() && _isNavigating;
        }

        void BrowseStopCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.Stop();
        }

        void WebViewRequiringCmdsCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = _iWebView2 != null;
        }

        void CoreWebView2RequiringCmdsCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = IsWebViewValid();
        }

        void EpxerimentalCmdsCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            e.CanExecute = true;
#else
            e.CanExecute = false;
#endif
        }

        void CustomClientCertificateSelectionCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            EnableCustomClientCertificateSelection();
        }

        void DeferredCustomCertificateDialogCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            DeferredCustomClientCertificateSelectionDialog();
        }

        void LaunchingExternalUriSchemeCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            EnableLaunchingExternalUriSchemeSupport();
        }

        void CustomServerCertificateSupportCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            ToggleCustomServerCertificateSupport();
        }

        void ClearServerCertificateErrorActionsCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            ClearServerCertificateErrorActions();
        }

        void PrintDialogCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            ShowPrintUI(target, e);
        }

        void PrintToDefaultPrinterCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            PrintToDefaultPrinter();
        }

        void PrintToPrinterCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            PrintToPrinter();
        }

        void PrintToPdfStreamCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            PrintToPdfStream();
        }

        private bool _isControlInVisualTree = true;

        void RemoveControlFromVisualTree(UIElement control)
        {
            if (_isControlInVisualTree)
            {
                Layout.Children.Remove(control);
            }
            _isControlInVisualTree = false;
        }

        void AttachControlToVisualTree(UIElement control)
        {
            Layout.Children.Add(control);
            _isControlInVisualTree = true;
        }

        IWebView2 CreateReplacementControl(bool useNewEnvironment, bool useCompositionControl)
        {
            IWebView2 replacementControl;
            if (useCompositionControl)
            {
                replacementControl = new WebView2CompositionControl();
            }
            else
            {
                replacementControl = new WebView2();
            }

            if (_iWebView2?.CreationProperties != null)
            {
                // Setup properties and bindings.
                if (useNewEnvironment)
                {
                    // Create a new CoreWebView2CreationProperties instance so the environment
                    // is made anew.
                    replacementControl.CreationProperties = new CoreWebView2CreationProperties();
                    replacementControl.CreationProperties.BrowserExecutableFolder = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.BrowserExecutableFolder;
                    replacementControl.CreationProperties.Language = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.Language;
                    replacementControl.CreationProperties.UserDataFolder = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.UserDataFolder;
                    replacementControl.CreationProperties.AdditionalBrowserArguments = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.AdditionalBrowserArguments;
                    shouldAttachEnvironmentEventHandlers = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    replacementControl.CreationProperties = _iWebView2.CreationProperties;
                }
            }

            Binding urlBinding = new Binding()
            {
                Source = replacementControl,
                Path = new PropertyPath("Source"),
                Mode = BindingMode.OneWay
            };
            url.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, urlBinding);

            AttachControlEventHandlers(replacementControl);

            return replacementControl;
        }

        void WebView_ProcessFailed(object sender, CoreWebView2ProcessFailedEventArgs e)
        {
            void ReinitIfSelectedByUser(string caption, string message)
            {
                this.Dispatcher.InvokeAsync(() =>
                {
                    var selection = MessageBox.Show(message, caption, MessageBoxButton.YesNo);
                    if (selection == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
                    {
                        // The control cannot be re-initialized so we setup a new instance to replace it.
                        // Note the previous instance of the control is disposed of and removed from the
                        // visual tree before attaching the new one.
                        _ = ReinitializeWebView(_useCompositionControl);
                    }
                });
            }

            void ReloadIfSelectedByUser(string caption, string message)
            {
                this.Dispatcher.InvokeAsync(() =>
                {
                    var selection = MessageBox.Show(message, caption, MessageBoxButton.YesNo);
                    if (selection == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
                    {
                        _iWebView2.Reload();
                        // Set background transparent
                        _iWebView2.DefaultBackgroundColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
                    }
                });
            }

            bool IsAppContentUri(Uri source)
            {
                // Sample virtual host name for the app's content.
                // See CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping: https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/api/microsoft.web.webview2.core.corewebview2.setvirtualhostnametofoldermapping
                return source.Host == "appassets.example";
            }

            if (e.ProcessFailedKind == CoreWebView2ProcessFailedKind.FrameRenderProcessExited)
            {
                // A frame-only renderer has exited unexpectedly. Check if reload is needed.
                // In this sample we only reload if the app's content has been impacted.
                foreach (CoreWebView2FrameInfo frameInfo in e.FrameInfosForFailedProcess)
                {
                    if (IsAppContentUri(new System.Uri(frameInfo.Source)))
                    {
                        System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                        {
                            ReloadIfSelectedByUser("App content frame unresponsive",
                                "Browser render process for app frame exited unexpectedly. Reload page?");
                        }, null);
                    }
                }

                return;
            }

            // Show the process failure details. Apps can collect info for their logging purposes.
            this.Dispatcher.InvokeAsync(() =>
            {
                StringBuilder messageBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Process kind: {e.ProcessFailedKind}");
                messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Reason: {e.Reason}");
                messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Exit code: {e.ExitCode}");
                messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Process description: {e.ProcessDescription}");
                MessageBox.Show(messageBuilder.ToString(), "Child process failed", MessageBoxButton.OK);
            });

            if (e.ProcessFailedKind == CoreWebView2ProcessFailedKind.BrowserProcessExited)
            {
                ReinitIfSelectedByUser("Browser process exited",
                    "Browser process exited unexpectedly. Recreate webview?");
            }
            else if (e.ProcessFailedKind == CoreWebView2ProcessFailedKind.RenderProcessUnresponsive)
            {
                ReinitIfSelectedByUser("Web page unresponsive",
                    "Browser render process has stopped responding. Recreate webview?");
            }
            else if (e.ProcessFailedKind == CoreWebView2ProcessFailedKind.RenderProcessExited)
            {
                ReloadIfSelectedByUser("Web page unresponsive",
                    "Browser render process exited unexpectedly. Reload page?");
            }
        }

        double ZoomStep()
        {
            if (_iWebView2.ZoomFactor < 1)
            {
                return 0.25;
            }
            else if (_iWebView2.ZoomFactor < 2)
            {
                return 0.5;
            }
            else
            {
                return 1;
            }
        }

        void IncreaseZoomCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.ZoomFactor += ZoomStep();
        }

        void DecreaseZoomCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = (_iWebView2 != null) && (_iWebView2.ZoomFactor - ZoomStep() > 0.0);
        }

        void DecreaseZoomCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.ZoomFactor -= ZoomStep();
        }

        void BackgroundColorCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <DefaultBackgroundColor>
            System.Drawing.Color backgroundColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromName(e.Parameter.ToString());
            _iWebView2.DefaultBackgroundColor = backgroundColor;
            // </DefaultBackgroundColor>
        }

        async void InjectScriptCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ExecuteScript>
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Inject Script",
                description: "Enter some JavaScript to be executed in the context of this page.",
                defaultInput: "window.getComputedStyle(document.body).backgroundColor");
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                string scriptResult = await _iWebView2.ExecuteScriptAsync(dialog.Input.Text);
                MessageBox.Show(this, scriptResult, "Script Result");
            }
            // </ExecuteScript>
        }

        async void InjectScriptIFrameCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ExecuteScriptFrame>
            string iframesData = WebViewFrames_ToString();
            string iframesInfo = "Enter iframe to run the JavaScript code in.\r\nAvailable iframes: " + iframesData;
            var dialogIFrames = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Inject Script Into IFrame",
                description: iframesInfo,
                defaultInput: "0");
            if (dialogIFrames.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                int iframeNumber = -1;
                try
                {
                    iframeNumber = Int32.Parse(dialogIFrames.Input.Text);
                }
                catch (FormatException)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Can not convert " + dialogIFrames.Input.Text + " to int");
                }
                if (iframeNumber >= 0 && iframeNumber < _webViewFrames.Count)
                {
                    var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                        title: "Inject Script",
                        description: "Enter some JavaScript to be executed in the context of iframe " + dialogIFrames.Input.Text,
                        defaultInput: "window.getComputedStyle(document.body).backgroundColor");
                    if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                    {
                        string scriptResult = await _webViewFrames[iframeNumber].ExecuteScriptAsync(dialog.Input.Text);
                        MessageBox.Show(this, scriptResult, "Script Result");
                    }
                }
            }
            // </ExecuteScriptFrame>
        }

        private bool _isPrintToPdfInProgress = false;
        async void PrintToPdfCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_isPrintToPdfInProgress)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Print to PDF in progress", "Print To PDF");
                return;
            }
            try
            {
                // <PrintToPdf>
                CoreWebView2PrintSettings printSettings = null;
                string orientationString = e.Parameter.ToString();
                if (orientationString == "Landscape")
                {
                    printSettings = WebViewEnvironment.CreatePrintSettings();
                    printSettings.Orientation =
                        CoreWebView2PrintOrientation.Landscape;
                }

                Microsoft.Win32.SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog =
                    new Microsoft.Win32.SaveFileDialog();
                saveFileDialog.InitialDirectory = "C:\\";
                saveFileDialog.Filter = "Pdf Files|*.pdf";
                Nullable<bool> result = saveFileDialog.ShowDialog();
                if (result == true)
                {
                    _isPrintToPdfInProgress = true;
                    bool isSuccessful = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PrintToPdfAsync(
                        saveFileDialog.FileName, printSettings);
                    _isPrintToPdfInProgress = false;
                    string message = (isSuccessful) ?
                        "Print to PDF succeeded" : "Print to PDF failed";
                    MessageBox.Show(this, message, "Print To PDF Completed");
                }
                // </PrintToPdf>
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Print to PDF Failed: " + exception.Message,
                   "Print to PDF");
            }
        }

        // Shows the user a print dialog. If `printDialogKind` is browser print preview,
        // opens a browser print preview dialog, CoreWebView2PrintDialogKind.System opens a system print dialog.
        void ShowPrintUI(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string printDialog = e.Parameter.ToString();
            if (printDialog == "Browser")
            {
                // Opens the browser print preview dialog.
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ShowPrintUI();
            }
            else
            {
                // Opens the system print dialog.
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ShowPrintUI(CoreWebView2PrintDialogKind.System);
            }
        }

        // This example prints the current web page without a print dialog to default printer.
        async void PrintToDefaultPrinter()
        {
            string title = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DocumentTitle;

            try
            {
                // Passing null for `PrintSettings` results in default print settings used.
                // Prints current web page with the default page and printer settings.
                CoreWebView2PrintStatus printStatus = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PrintAsync(null);

                if (printStatus == CoreWebView2PrintStatus.Succeeded)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing " + title + " document to printer is succeeded", "Print");
                }
                else if (printStatus == CoreWebView2PrintStatus.PrinterUnavailable)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Printer is not available, offline or error state", "Print");
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing " + title + " document to printer is failed",
                        "Print");
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing " + title + " document already in progress",
                         "Print");
            }
        }

        // <PrintToPrinter>
        // Function to get printer name by displaying printer text input dialog to the user.
        // User has to specify the desired printer name by querying the installed printers list on the
        // OS to print the web page.
        // You may also choose to display printers list to the user and return user selected printer.
        string GetPrinterName()
        {
            string printerName = "";

            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                        title: "Printer Name",
                        description: "Specify a printer name from the installed printers list on the OS.",
                        defaultInput: "");
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                printerName = dialog.Input.Text;
            }
            return printerName;

            // or
            //
            // Use GetPrintQueues() of LocalPrintServer from System.Printing to get list of locally installed printers.
            // Display the printer list to the user and get the desired printer to print.
            // Return the user selected printer name.
        }

        // Function to get print settings for the selected printer.
        // You may also choose get the capabilities from the native printer API, display to the user to get
        // the print settings for the current web page and for the selected printer.
        CoreWebView2PrintSettings GetSelectedPrinterPrintSettings(string printerName)
        {
            CoreWebView2PrintSettings printSettings = null;
            printSettings = WebViewEnvironment.CreatePrintSettings();
            printSettings.ShouldPrintBackgrounds = true;
            printSettings.ShouldPrintHeaderAndFooter = true;

            return printSettings;

            // or
            //
            // Get PrintQueue for the selected printer and use GetPrintCapabilities() of PrintQueue from System.Printing
            // to get the capabilities of the selected printer.
            // Display the printer capabilities to the user along with the page settings.
            // Return the user selected settings.
        }

        // This example prints the current web page to the specified printer with the settings.
        async void PrintToPrinter()
        {
            string printerName = GetPrinterName();
            CoreWebView2PrintSettings printSettings = GetSelectedPrinterPrintSettings(printerName);
            string title = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DocumentTitle;
            try
            {
                CoreWebView2PrintStatus printStatus = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PrintAsync(printSettings);

                if (printStatus == CoreWebView2PrintStatus.Succeeded)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing " + title + " document to printer is succeeded", "Print to printer");
                }
                else if (printStatus == CoreWebView2PrintStatus.PrinterUnavailable)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Selected printer is not found, not available, offline or error state", "Print to printer");
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing " + title + " document to printer is failed",
                        "Print");
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Invalid settings provided for the specified printer",
                    "Print");
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing " + title + " document already in progress",
                        "Print");

            }
        }
        // </PrintToPrinter>

        // <PrintToPdfStream>
        // This example prints the Pdf data of the current web page to a stream.
        async void PrintToPdfStream()
        {
            try
            {
                string title = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DocumentTitle;

                // Passing null for `PrintSettings` results in default print settings used.
                System.IO.Stream stream = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PrintToPdfStreamAsync(null);
                DisplayPdfDataInPrintDialog(stream);
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing" + title + " document to PDF Stream " + ((stream != null) ? "succeeded" : "failed"), "Print To PDF Stream");
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Printing to PDF Stream failed: " + exception.Message,
                   "Print to PDF Stream");
            }
        }

        // Function to display current page pdf data in a custom print preview dialog.
        void DisplayPdfDataInPrintDialog(Stream pdfData)
        {
            // You can display the printable pdf data in a custom print preview dialog to the end user.
        }
        // </PrintToPdfStream>

        void TrackingPreventionLevelCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string level = e.Parameter.ToString();
            if (level == "None")
            {
                SetTrackingPreventionLevel(CoreWebView2TrackingPreventionLevel.None);
            }
            else if (level == "Basic")
            {
                SetTrackingPreventionLevel(CoreWebView2TrackingPreventionLevel.Basic);
            }
            else if (level == "Balanced")
            {
                SetTrackingPreventionLevel(CoreWebView2TrackingPreventionLevel.Balanced);
            }
            else
            {
                SetTrackingPreventionLevel(CoreWebView2TrackingPreventionLevel.Strict);
            }
        }

        // <SetTrackingPreventionLevel>
        void SetTrackingPreventionLevel(CoreWebView2TrackingPreventionLevel value)
        {
            WebViewProfile.PreferredTrackingPreventionLevel = value;
            MessageBox.Show(this, "Tracking prevention level is set successfully", "Tracking Prevention Level");
        }
        // <SetTrackingPreventionLevel>


        void EnhancedSecurityModeLevelCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
        }
        void EnhancedSecurityModeGetBypassListCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
        }
        void EnhancedSecurityModeSetBypassListCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
        }
        void EnhancedSecurityModeGetEnforceListCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
        }
        void EnhancedSecurityModeSetEnforceListCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
        }
        async void GetCookiesCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <GetCookies>
            List<CoreWebView2Cookie> cookieList = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CookieManager.GetCookiesAsync("https://www.bing.com");
            StringBuilder cookieResult = new StringBuilder(cookieList.Count + " cookie(s) received from https://www.bing.com\n");
            for (int i = 0; i < cookieList.Count; ++i)
            {
                CoreWebView2Cookie cookie = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CookieManager.CreateCookieWithSystemNetCookie(cookieList[i].ToSystemNetCookie());
                cookieResult.Append($"\n{cookie.Name} {cookie.Value} {(cookie.IsSession ? "[session cookie]" : cookie.Expires.ToString("G"))}");
            }
            MessageBox.Show(this, cookieResult.ToString(), "GetCookiesAsync");
            // </GetCookies>
        }

        void AddOrUpdateCookieCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <AddOrUpdateCookie>
            CoreWebView2Cookie cookie = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CookieManager.CreateCookie("CookieName", "CookieValue", ".bing.com", "/");
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CookieManager.AddOrUpdateCookie(cookie);
            // </AddOrUpdateCookie>
        }

        void DeleteAllCookiesCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CookieManager.DeleteAllCookies();
        }

        void DeleteCookiesCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CookieManager.DeleteCookiesWithDomainAndPath("CookieName", ".bing.com", "/");
        }

        void SetUserAgentCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "SetUserAgent",
                description: "Enter UserAgent");
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                // <SetUserAgent>
                WebViewSettings.UserAgent = dialog.Input.Text;
                // </SetUserAgent>
            }
        }

        void SetCustomDataPartitionCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            // <CustomDataPartitionId>
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Custom Data Partition",
                description: "Enter Custom Data Partition Id",
                defaultInput: _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CustomDataPartitionId);
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CustomDataPartitionId = dialog.Input.Text;
            }
            // </CustomDataPartitionId>
#endif
        }

        async void ClearCustomDataPartitionCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            // <ClearCustomDataPartition>
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Clear Custom Data Partition",
                description: "Enter Custom Data Partition Id to clear",
                defaultInput: _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CustomDataPartitionId);
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                try
                {
                    await WebViewProfile.ClearCustomDataPartitionAsync(dialog.Input.Text);
                    MessageBox.Show(this,
                       "Completed",
                       "Clear Custom Data Partition");
                }
                catch (Exception exception)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "ClearCustomDataPartitionAsync Failed: " + exception.Message, "Clear Custom Data Partition");
                }
            }
            // </ClearCustomDataPartition>
#else
            await Task.CompletedTask;
#endif
        }

        void WebMessagesCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.WebMessageReceived += WebView_WebMessageReceived;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated += WebView_FrameCreatedWebMessages;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping(
                "appassets.example", "assets", CoreWebView2HostResourceAccessKind.DenyCors);
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/webMessages.html");
        }


        void HandleWebMessage(CoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            try
            {
                if (args.Source != "https://appassets.example/webMessages.html")
                {
                    // Throw exception from untrusted sources.
                    throw new Exception();
                }

                string message = args.TryGetWebMessageAsString();

                if (message.Contains("SetTitleText"))
                {
                    int msgLength = "SetTitleText".Length;
                    this.Title = message.Substring(msgLength);

                }

                else if (message == "GetWindowBounds")
                {
                    string reply = "{\"WindowBounds\":\"Left:" + 0 +
                                   "\\nTop:" + 0 +
                                   "\\nRight:" + _webView2FrameworkElement.ActualWidth +
                                   "\\nBottom:" + _webView2FrameworkElement.ActualHeight +
                                   "\"}";

                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PostWebMessageAsJson(reply);
                }
                else
                {
                    // Ignore unrecognized messages, but log them
                    // since it suggests a mismatch between the web content and the host.
                    Debug.WriteLine($"Unexpected message received: {message}");
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"Unexpected message received: {e.Message}");
            }
        }

        void WebView_WebMessageReceived(object sender, CoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            HandleWebMessage(args);
        }

        // <WebMessageReceivedIFrame>
        void WebView_FrameCreatedWebMessages(object sender, CoreWebView2FrameCreatedEventArgs args)
        {
            args.Frame.WebMessageReceived += (WebMessageReceivedSender, WebMessageReceivedArgs) =>
            {
                HandleWebMessage(WebMessageReceivedArgs);
            };
        }
        // </WebMessageReceivedIFrame>


        // <DOMContentLoaded>
        void DOMContentLoadedCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded += WebView_DOMContentLoaded;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated += WebView_FrameCreatedDOMContentLoaded;
            _iWebView2.NavigateToString(@"<!DOCTYPE html>" +
                                      "<h1>DOMContentLoaded sample page</h1>" +
                                      "<h2>The content to the iframe and below will be added after DOM content is loaded </h2>" +
                                      "<iframe style='height: 200px; width: 100%;'/>");
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.NavigationCompleted += (sender, args) =>
            {
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded -= WebView_DOMContentLoaded;
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated -= WebView_FrameCreatedDOMContentLoaded;
            };
        }

        void WebView_DOMContentLoaded(object sender, CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs arg)
        {
            _ = _iWebView2.ExecuteScriptAsync(
                    "let content = document.createElement(\"h2\");" +
                    "content.style.color = 'blue';" +
                    "content.textContent = \"This text was added by the host app\";" +
                    "document.body.appendChild(content);");
        }
        // </DOMContentLoaded>

        void WebView_FrameCreatedDOMContentLoaded(object sender, CoreWebView2FrameCreatedEventArgs args)
        {
            args.Frame.DOMContentLoaded += (frameSender, DOMContentLoadedArgs) =>
            {
                args.Frame.ExecuteScriptAsync(
                    "let content = document.createElement(\"h2\");" +
                    "content.style.color = 'blue';" +
                    "content.textContent = \"This text was added to the iframe by the host app\";" +
                    "document.body.appendChild(content);");
            };
        }

        void PasswordAutosaveCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <PasswordAutosaveEnabled>
            WebViewSettings.IsPasswordAutosaveEnabled = !WebViewSettings.IsPasswordAutosaveEnabled;
            // </PasswordAutosaveEnabled>
        }
        void GeneralAutofillCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <GeneralAutofillEnabled>
            WebViewSettings.IsGeneralAutofillEnabled = !WebViewSettings.IsGeneralAutofillEnabled;
            // </GeneralAutofillEnabled>
        }

        void NavigateWithWebResourceRequestCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <NavigateWithWebResourceRequest>
            // Prepare post data as UTF-8 byte array and convert it to stream
            // as required by the application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Type
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "NavigateWithWebResourceRequest",
                description: "Specify post data to submit to https://www.w3schools.com/action_page.php.");
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                string postDataString = "input=" + dialog.Input.Text;
                UTF8Encoding utfEncoding = new UTF8Encoding();
                byte[] postData = utfEncoding.GetBytes(
                    postDataString);
                MemoryStream postDataStream = new MemoryStream(postDataString.Length);
                postDataStream.Write(postData, 0, postData.Length);
                postDataStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                CoreWebView2WebResourceRequest webResourceRequest =
                  WebViewEnvironment.CreateWebResourceRequest(
                    "https://www.w3schools.com/action_page.php",
                    "POST",
                    postDataStream,
                    "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n");
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.NavigateWithWebResourceRequest(webResourceRequest);
            }
            // </NavigateWithWebResourceRequest>
        }

        private bool _isCustomContextMenu = false;

        void CustomContextMenuCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (!_isCustomContextMenu)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ContextMenuRequested +=
                        WebView_ContextMenuRequested;
                }
                else
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ContextMenuRequested -=
                        WebView_ContextMenuRequested;
                }
                _isCustomContextMenu = !_isCustomContextMenu;
                MessageBox.Show(this,
                                _isCustomContextMenu
                                    ? "Custom context menus have been enabled"
                                    : "Custom context menus have been disabled",
                                "Custom context menus");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Custom context menu Failed: " + exception.Message,
                                "Custom context menus");
            }
        }

        private CoreWebView2ContextMenuItem displayUriParentContextMenuItem = null;

        // <CustomContextMenu>
        void WebView_ContextMenuRequested(
              object sender,
              CoreWebView2ContextMenuRequestedEventArgs args)
        {
            IList<CoreWebView2ContextMenuItem> menuList = args.MenuItems;
            CoreWebView2ContextMenuTargetKind context = args.ContextMenuTarget.Kind;
            // Using custom context menu UI
            if (context == CoreWebView2ContextMenuTargetKind.SelectedText)
            {
                CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();
                args.Handled = true;
                ContextMenu cm = new ContextMenu();
                cm.Closed += (s, ex) => deferral.Complete();
                PopulateContextMenu(args, menuList, cm);
                cm.IsOpen = true;
            }
            // Remove item from WebView context menu
            else if (context == CoreWebView2ContextMenuTargetKind.Image)
            {
                /// removes the last item in the collection
                menuList.RemoveAt(menuList.Count - 1);
            }
            // Add item to WebView context menu
            else if (context == CoreWebView2ContextMenuTargetKind.Page)
            {
                // Created context menu items should be reused.
                if (displayUriParentContextMenuItem == null)
                {
                    CoreWebView2ContextMenuItem subItem =
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment.CreateContextMenuItem(
                        "Display Page Uri", null,
                        CoreWebView2ContextMenuItemKind.Command);
                    subItem.CustomItemSelected += delegate (object send, Object ex)
                    {
                        string pageUrl = args.ContextMenuTarget.PageUri;
                        System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                        {
                            MessageBox.Show(pageUrl, "Display Page Uri", MessageBoxButton.YesNo);
                        }, null);
                    };
                    displayUriParentContextMenuItem =
                      _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment.CreateContextMenuItem(
                          "New Submenu", null,
                          CoreWebView2ContextMenuItemKind.Submenu);
                    IList<CoreWebView2ContextMenuItem> submenuList = displayUriParentContextMenuItem.Children;
                    submenuList.Insert(0, subItem);
                }

                menuList.Insert(menuList.Count, displayUriParentContextMenuItem);
            }
        }
        // </CustomContextMenu>

        void PopulateContextMenu(CoreWebView2ContextMenuRequestedEventArgs args,
                                IList<CoreWebView2ContextMenuItem> menuList,
                                ItemsControl cm)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < menuList.Count; i++)
            {
                CoreWebView2ContextMenuItem current = menuList[i];
                if (current.Kind == CoreWebView2ContextMenuItemKind.Separator)
                {
                    Separator sep = new Separator();
                    cm.Items.Add(sep);
                    continue;
                }
                MenuItem newItem = new MenuItem();
                // The accessibility key is the key after the & in the label
                newItem.Header = current.Label.Replace('&', '_');
                newItem.InputGestureText = current.ShortcutKeyDescription;
                newItem.IsEnabled = current.IsEnabled;
                if (current.Kind == CoreWebView2ContextMenuItemKind.Submenu)
                {
                    PopulateContextMenu(args, current.Children, newItem);
                }
                else
                {
                    if (current.Kind == CoreWebView2ContextMenuItemKind.CheckBox ||
                        current.Kind == CoreWebView2ContextMenuItemKind.Radio)
                    {
                        newItem.IsCheckable = true;
                        newItem.IsChecked = current.IsChecked;
                    }

                    newItem.Click +=
                        (s, ex) => { args.SelectedCommandId = current.CommandId; };
                }
                cm.Items.Add(newItem);
            }
        }

        void AuthenticationCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <BasicAuthenticationRequested>
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.BasicAuthenticationRequested += delegate (object sender, CoreWebView2BasicAuthenticationRequestedEventArgs args)
            {
                // [SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Security", "CS002:SecretInNextLine", Justification="Demo credentials in https://authenticationtest.com")]
                args.Response.UserName = "user";
                // [SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Security", "CS002:SecretInNextLine", Justification="Demo credentials in https://authenticationtest.com")]
                args.Response.Password = "pass";
            };
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://authenticationtest.com/HTTPAuth");
            // </BasicAuthenticationRequested>
        }

        private bool _isFaviconChanged = false;
        void FaviconChangedCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (!_isFaviconChanged)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FaviconChanged +=
                        Webview2_FaviconChanged;
                }
                else
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FaviconChanged -=
                        Webview2_FaviconChanged;
                }
                _isFaviconChanged = !_isFaviconChanged;
                MessageBox.Show(this,
                                _isFaviconChanged
                                    ? "Favicon Changed Listeners have been enabled"
                                    : "Favicon Changed Listeners have been disabled",
                                "Favicon Changed Listeners");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Favicon Changed Listeners: " + exception.Message,
                                "Favicon Changed Listeners");
            }
        }

        async void Webview2_FaviconChanged(object sender, object args)
        {
            string value = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FaviconUri;
            System.IO.Stream stream = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.GetFaviconAsync(
              CoreWebView2FaviconImageFormat.Png);
            if (stream == null || stream.Length == 0)
                this.Icon = null;
            else
                this.Icon = BitmapFrame.Create(stream);
        }

        void PinchZoomCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <TogglePinchZoomEnabled>
            WebViewSettings.IsPinchZoomEnabled = !WebViewSettings.IsPinchZoomEnabled;
            // </TogglePinchZoomEnabled>
            MessageBox.Show("Pinch Zoom is" + (WebViewSettings.IsPinchZoomEnabled ? " enabled " : " disabled ") + "after the next navigation.");
        }

        void SwipeNavigationCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Safeguarding the handler when unsupported runtime is used.
            try
            {
                // <ToggleSwipeNavigationEnabled>
                WebViewSettings.IsSwipeNavigationEnabled = !WebViewSettings.IsSwipeNavigationEnabled;
                // </ToggleSwipeNavigationEnabled>
                MessageBox.Show("Swipe to navigate is" + (WebViewSettings.IsSwipeNavigationEnabled ? " enabled " : " disabled ") + "after the next navigation.");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Toggle Swipe Navigation Failed: " + exception.Message, "Swipe Navigation");
            }
        }

        void DeleteProfileExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                WebViewProfile.Delete();
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Delete profile Failed: " + exception.Message, "Profile Delete");
            }
        }

        void NonClientRegionSupportCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // <ToggleNonClientSupportEnabled>
                WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled =
                    !WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled;
                // </ToggleNonClientSupportEnabled>
                MessageBox.Show("Non-client region support will be " +
                    (WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled ?
                     "enabled " : "disabled ") + "after the next navigation.");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Toggle Non-client region support failed: " +
                 exception.Message, "Non-client Support");
            }
        }

        void NonClientRegionSupportEnabledCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.NavigationStarting += WebView_NavigationStartingNonClientRegionSupport;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded += WebView_DOMContentLoadedNonClientRegionSupport;

            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/ScenarioNonClientRegionSupport.html");
        }

        void WebView_DOMContentLoadedNonClientRegionSupport(object sender, CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Source != "https://appassets.example/ScenarioNonClientRegionSupport.html")
            {
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.NavigationStarting -= WebView_NavigationStartingNonClientRegionSupport;
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded -= WebView_DOMContentLoadedNonClientRegionSupport;
            }
        }

        void WebView_NavigationStartingNonClientRegionSupport(object sender, CoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Uri == "https://appassets.example/ScenarioNonClientRegionSupport.html"
                && !WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled)
            {
                WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled = true;
            }
            else if (e.Uri != "https://appassets.example/ScenarioNonClientRegionSupport.html"
                && WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled)
            {
                WebViewSettings.IsNonClientRegionSupportEnabled = false;
            }
        }

        void PdfToolbarSaveCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ToggleHiddenPdfToolbarItems>
            if (WebViewSettings.HiddenPdfToolbarItems.HasFlag(CoreWebView2PdfToolbarItems.Save))
            {
                WebViewSettings.HiddenPdfToolbarItems = CoreWebView2PdfToolbarItems.None;
                MessageBox.Show("Save button on PDF toolbar is enabled after the next navigation.");
            }
            else
            {
                WebViewSettings.HiddenPdfToolbarItems = CoreWebView2PdfToolbarItems.Save;
                MessageBox.Show("Save button on PDF toolbar is disabled after the next navigation.");
            }
            // </ToggleHiddenPdfToolbarItems>
        }

        async void ClearBrowsingDataCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ClearBrowsingData>
            string dataKindString = e.Parameter.ToString();
            CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds dataKinds;
            if (dataKindString == "Cookies")
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.Cookies;
            }
            else if (dataKindString == "DOM Storage")
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.AllDomStorage;
            }
            else if (dataKindString == "Site")
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.AllSite;
            }
            else if (dataKindString == "Disk Cache")
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.DiskCache;
            }
            else if (dataKindString == "Download History")
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.DownloadHistory;
            }
            else if (dataKindString == "Autofill")
            {
                dataKinds = (CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds)(CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.GeneralAutofill | CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.PasswordAutosave);
            }
            else if (dataKindString == "Browsing History")
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.BrowsingHistory;
            }
            else
            {
                dataKinds = CoreWebView2BrowsingDataKinds.AllProfile;
            }
            System.DateTime endTime = DateTime.Now;
            System.DateTime startTime = DateTime.Now.AddHours(-1);

            // Clear the browsing data from the last hour.
            await WebViewProfile.ClearBrowsingDataAsync(dataKinds, startTime, endTime);
            MessageBox.Show(this,
               "Completed",
               "Clear Browsing Data");
            // </ClearBrowsingData>
        }

        void NewBrowserVersionCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            foreach (Window window in Application.Current.Windows)
            {
                if (window is MainWindow mainWindow)
                {
                    // Simulate NewBrowserVersionAvailable being raised.
                    mainWindow.Environment_NewBrowserVersionAvailable(null, null);
                }
            }
        }

        void DownloadStartingCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // <DownloadStarting>
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DownloadStarting += delegate (
                  object sender, CoreWebView2DownloadStartingEventArgs args)
                {
                    // Developer can obtain a deferral for the event so that the CoreWebView2
                    // doesn't examine the properties we set on the event args until
                    // after the deferral completes asynchronously.
                    CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();

                    // We avoid potential reentrancy from running a message loop in the download
                    // starting event handler by showing our download dialog later when we
                    // complete the deferral asynchronously.
                    System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                    {
                        using (deferral)
                        {
                            // Hide the default download dialog.
                            args.Handled = true;
                            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                                title: "Download Starting",
                                description: "Enter new result file path or select OK to keep default path. Select cancel to cancel the download.",
                                defaultInput: args.ResultFilePath);
                            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                            {
                                args.ResultFilePath = dialog.Input.Text;
                                UpdateProgress(args.DownloadOperation);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                args.Cancel = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }, null);
                };
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://demo.smartscreen.msft.net/");
                // </DownloadStarting>
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "DownloadStarting Failed: " + exception.Message, "Download Starting");
            }
        }

        void SetDefaultDownloadPathCmdExecuted(object target,
            ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                    title: "Set Default Download Folder Path",
                    description: "Enter the new default download folder path.",
                    defaultInput: WebViewProfile.DefaultDownloadFolderPath);
                if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                {
                    WebViewProfile.DefaultDownloadFolderPath = dialog.Input.Text;
                }
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this,
                    "Set default download folder path failed: " +
                    exception.Message, "Set Default Download Folder Path");
            }
        }

        // Update download progress
        void UpdateProgress(CoreWebView2DownloadOperation download)
        {
            // <BytesReceivedChanged>
            download.BytesReceivedChanged += delegate (object sender, Object e)
            {
                // Here developer can update download dialog to show progress of a
                // download using `download.BytesReceived` and `download.TotalBytesToReceive`
            };
            // </BytesReceivedChanged>

            // <StateChanged>
            download.StateChanged += delegate (object sender, Object e)
            {
                switch (download.State)
                {
                    case CoreWebView2DownloadState.InProgress:
                        break;
                    case CoreWebView2DownloadState.Interrupted:
                        // Here developer can take different actions based on `download.InterruptReason`.
                        // For example, show an error message to the end user.
                        break;
                    case CoreWebView2DownloadState.Completed:
                        break;
                }
            };
            // </StateChanged>
        }

        // <ClientCertificateRequested1>
        // Turn off client certificate selection dialog using ClientCertificateRequested event handler
        // that disables the dialog. This example hides the default client certificate dialog and
        // always chooses the last certificate without prompting the user.
        private bool _isCustomClientCertificateSelection = false;
        void EnableCustomClientCertificateSelection()
        {
            // Safeguarding the handler when unsupported runtime is used.
            try
            {
                if (!_isCustomClientCertificateSelection)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ClientCertificateRequested += WebView_ClientCertificateRequested;
                }
                else
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ClientCertificateRequested -= WebView_ClientCertificateRequested;
                }
                _isCustomClientCertificateSelection = !_isCustomClientCertificateSelection;

                MessageBox.Show(this,
                    _isCustomClientCertificateSelection ? "Custom client certificate selection has been enabled" : "Custom client certificate selection has been disabled",
                    "Custom client certificate selection");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Custom client certificate selection Failed: " + exception.Message, "Custom client certificate selection");
            }
        }

        void WebView_ClientCertificateRequested(object sender, CoreWebView2ClientCertificateRequestedEventArgs e)
        {
            IReadOnlyList<CoreWebView2ClientCertificate> certificateList = e.MutuallyTrustedCertificates;
            if (certificateList.Count() > 0)
            {
                // There is no significance to the order, picking a certificate arbitrarily.
                e.SelectedCertificate = certificateList.LastOrDefault();
                // Continue with the selected certificate to respond to the server.
                e.Handled = true;
            }
            else
            {
                // Continue without a certificate to respond to the server if certificate list is empty.
                e.Handled = true;
            }
        }
        // </ClientCertificateRequested1>

        // <ClientCertificateRequested2>
        // This example hides the default client certificate dialog and shows a custom dialog instead.
        // The dialog box displays mutually trusted certificates list and allows the user to select a certificate.
        // Selecting `OK` will continue the request with a certificate.
        // Selecting `CANCEL` will continue the request without a certificate
        private bool _isCustomClientCertificateSelectionDialog = false;
        void DeferredCustomClientCertificateSelectionDialog()
        {
            // Safeguarding the handler when unsupported runtime is used.
            try
            {
                if (!_isCustomClientCertificateSelectionDialog)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ClientCertificateRequested += delegate (
                        object sender, CoreWebView2ClientCertificateRequestedEventArgs args)
                    {
                        // Developer can obtain a deferral for the event so that the WebView2
                        // doesn't examine the properties we set on the event args until
                        // after the deferral completes asynchronously.
                        CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();

                        System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                        {
                            using (deferral)
                            {
                                IReadOnlyList<CoreWebView2ClientCertificate> certificateList = args.MutuallyTrustedCertificates;
                                if (certificateList.Count() > 0)
                                {
                                    // Display custom dialog box for the client certificate selection.
                                    var dialog = new ClientCertificateSelectionDialog(
                                                                title: "Select a Certificate for authentication",
                                                                host: args.Host,
                                                                port: args.Port,
                                                                client_cert_list: certificateList);
                                    if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                                    {
                                        // Continue with the selected certificate to respond to the server if `OK` is selected.
                                        args.SelectedCertificate = (CoreWebView2ClientCertificate)dialog.CertificateDataBinding.SelectedItem;
                                    }
                                    // Continue without a certificate to respond to the server if `CANCEL` is selected.
                                    args.Handled = true;
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    // Continue without a certificate to respond to the server if certificate list is empty.
                                    args.Handled = true;
                                }
                            }

                        }, null);
                    };
                    _isCustomClientCertificateSelectionDialog = true;
                    MessageBox.Show("Custom Client Certificate selection dialog will be used next when WebView2 is making a " +
                        "request to an HTTP server that needs a client certificate.", "Client certificate selection");
                }
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Custom client certificate selection dialog Failed: " + exception.Message, "Client certificate selection");
            }
        }
        // </ClientCertificateRequested2>

        private bool _isLaunchingExternalUriSchemeEnabled = false;
        void EnableLaunchingExternalUriSchemeSupport()
        {
            // Safeguarding the handler when unsupported runtime is used.
            try
            {
                if (!_isLaunchingExternalUriSchemeEnabled)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.LaunchingExternalUriScheme += WebView_LaunchingExternalUriScheme;
                }
                else
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.LaunchingExternalUriScheme -= WebView_LaunchingExternalUriScheme;
                }
                _isLaunchingExternalUriSchemeEnabled = !_isLaunchingExternalUriSchemeEnabled;
                MessageBox.Show(this,
                _isLaunchingExternalUriSchemeEnabled ? "Launching Registered URI Scheme support has been enabled" : "Launching Registered URI Scheme support has been disabled",
                "Launching Registered URI Scheme");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Launching Registered URI Scheme support failed: " + exception.Message, "Launching Registered URI Scheme");
            }
        }

        // <LaunchingExternalUriScheme>
        void WebView_LaunchingExternalUriScheme(object target, CoreWebView2LaunchingExternalUriSchemeEventArgs args)
        {
            // A deferral may be taken for the event so that the CoreWebView2
            // doesn't examine the properties we set on the event args until
            // after we call the Complete method asynchronously later.
            // This will give the user more time to decide whether to launch
            // the external URI scheme or not.
            // A deferral doesn't need to be taken in this case, so taking
            // a deferral is commented out here.
            // CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();
            // System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
            // {
            //     using (deferral)
            //     {
            if (String.Equals(args.Uri, "calculator:///", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                // Set the event args to cancel the event and launch the
                // calculator app. This will always allow the external URI scheme launch.
                args.Cancel = true;
                ProcessStartInfo info = new ProcessStartInfo
                {
                    FileName = args.Uri,
                    UseShellExecute = true
                };
                Process.Start(info);
            }
            else if (String.Equals(args.Uri, "malicious:///", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                // Always block the request in this case by cancelling the event.
                args.Cancel = true;
            }
            else if (String.Equals(args.Uri, "contoso:///", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                // To display a custom dialog we cancel the launch, display
                // a custom dialog, and then manually launch the external URI scheme
                // depending on the user's selection.
                args.Cancel = true;
                string text = "Launching External URI Scheme";
                if (args.InitiatingOrigin != "")
                {
                    text += "from ";
                    text += args.InitiatingOrigin;
                }
                text += " to ";
                text += args.Uri;
                text += "\n";
                text += "Do you want to grant permission?";
                string caption = "Launching External URI Scheme request";
                MessageBoxButton btnMessageBox = MessageBoxButton.YesNo;
                MessageBoxImage icnMessageBox = MessageBoxImage.None;
                MessageBoxResult resultbox = MessageBox.Show(text, caption, btnMessageBox, icnMessageBox);
                switch (resultbox)
                {
                    case MessageBoxResult.Yes:
                        ProcessStartInfo info = new ProcessStartInfo
                        {
                            FileName = args.Uri,
                            UseShellExecute = true
                        };
                        Process.Start(info);
                        break;

                    case MessageBoxResult.No:
                        break;
                }

            }
            else
            {
                // Do not cancel the event, allowing the request to use the default dialog.
            }
            //     }
            // }, null);
        }
        // </LaunchingExternalUriScheme>
        // <ServerCertificateErrorDetected>
        // When WebView2 doesn't trust a TLS certificate but host app does, this example bypasses
        // the default TLS interstitial page using the ServerCertificateErrorDetected event handler and
        // continues the request to a server. Otherwise, cancel the request.
        private bool _isServerCertificateError = false;
        void ToggleCustomServerCertificateSupport()
        {
            // Safeguarding the handler when unsupported runtime is used.
            try
            {
                if (!_isServerCertificateError)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ServerCertificateErrorDetected += WebView_ServerCertificateErrorDetected;
                }
                else
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ServerCertificateErrorDetected -= WebView_ServerCertificateErrorDetected;
                }
                _isServerCertificateError = !_isServerCertificateError;

                MessageBox.Show(this, "Custom server certificate support has been" +
                    (_isServerCertificateError ? "enabled" : "disabled"),
                    "Custom server certificate support");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Custom server certificate support failed: " + exception.Message, "Custom server certificate support");
            }
        }

        void WebView_ServerCertificateErrorDetected(object sender, CoreWebView2ServerCertificateErrorDetectedEventArgs e)
        {
            CoreWebView2Certificate certificate = e.ServerCertificate;

            // Continues the request to a server with a TLS certificate if the error status
            // is of type `COREWEBVIEW2_WEB_ERROR_STATUS_CERTIFICATE_IS_INVALID`
            // and trusted by the host app.
            if (e.ErrorStatus == CoreWebView2WebErrorStatus.CertificateIsInvalid &&
                            ValidateServerCertificate(certificate))
            {
                e.Action = CoreWebView2ServerCertificateErrorAction.AlwaysAllow;
            }
            else
            {
                // Cancel the request for other TLS certificate error types or if untrusted by the host app.
                e.Action = CoreWebView2ServerCertificateErrorAction.Cancel;
            }
        }

        // Function to validate the server certificate for untrusted root or self-signed certificate.
        // You may also choose to defer server certificate validation.
        bool ValidateServerCertificate(CoreWebView2Certificate certificate)
        {
            // You may want to validate certificates in different ways depending on your app and
            // scenario. One way might be the following:
            // First, get the list of host app trusted certificates and its thumbprint.
            //
            // Then get the last chain element using `ICoreWebView2Certificate::get_PemEncodedIssuerCertificateChain`
            // that contains the raw data of the untrusted root CA/self-signed certificate. Get the untrusted
            // root CA/self signed certificate thumbprint from the raw certificate data and validate the thumbprint
            // against the host app trusted certificate list.
            //
            // Finally, return true if it exists in the host app's certificate trusted list, or otherwise return false.
            return true;
        }

        // This example clears `AlwaysAllow` response that are added for proceeding with TLS certificate errors.
        async void ClearServerCertificateErrorActions()
        {
            await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ClearServerCertificateErrorActionsAsync();
            MessageBox.Show(this, "message", "Clear server certificate error actions are succeeded");
        }
        // </ServerCertificateErrorDetected>

        void GoToPageCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = _iWebView2 != null && !_isNavigating;
        }

        async void GoToPageCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            await _iWebView2.EnsureCoreWebView2Async();

            var rawUrl = (string)e.Parameter;
            Uri uri = null;

            if (Uri.IsWellFormedUriString(rawUrl, UriKind.Absolute))
            {
                uri = new Uri(rawUrl);
            }
            else if (!rawUrl.Contains(" ") && rawUrl.Contains("."))
            {
                // An invalid URI contains a dot and no spaces, try tacking http:// on the front.
                uri = new Uri("http://" + rawUrl);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise treat it as a web search.
                uri = new Uri("https://bing.com/search?q=" +
                    String.Join("+", Uri.EscapeDataString(rawUrl).Split(new string[] { "%20" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)));
            }

            // <Navigate>
            // Setting _iWebView2.Source will not trigger a navigation if the Source is the same
            // as the previous Source.  CoreWebView.Navigate() will always trigger a navigation.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate(uri.ToString());
            // </Navigate>
        }

        async void SuspendCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // <TrySuspend>
                bool isSuccessful = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.TrySuspendAsync();
                MessageBox.Show(this,
                    (isSuccessful) ? "TrySuspendAsync succeeded" : "TrySuspendAsync failed",
                    "TrySuspendAsync");
                // </TrySuspend>
            }
            catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "TrySuspendAsync failed:" + exception.Message, "TrySuspendAsync");
            }
        }
        void ResumeCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // <Resume>
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Resume();
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Resume Succeeded", "Resume");
                // </Resume>
            }
            catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Resume failed:" + exception.Message, "Resume");
            }
        }

        async void CheckUpdateCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            try
            {
                // <UpdateRuntime>
                CoreWebView2UpdateRuntimeResult result = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment.UpdateRuntimeAsync();
                string update_result = "status: " + result.Status + ", extended error:" + result.ExtendedError;
                MessageBox.Show(this, update_result, "UpdateRuntimeAsync result");
                // </UpdateRuntime>
            }
            catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "UpdateRuntimeAsync failed:" + exception.Message, "UpdateRuntimeAsync");
            }
#else
            await Task.CompletedTask;
#endif
        }

        bool _allowWebViewShortcutKeys = true;
        bool _allowShortcutsEventRegistered = false;
        public bool AllowWebViewShortcutKeys
        {
            get => _allowWebViewShortcutKeys;
            set
            {
                // <AllowWebViewShortcutKeys>
                _allowWebViewShortcutKeys = value;
                if (_iWebView2.CoreWebView2 != null)
                {
                    WebViewSettings.AreBrowserAcceleratorKeysEnabled = value;
                }
                else if (!_allowShortcutsEventRegistered)
                {
                    _allowShortcutsEventRegistered = true;
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted += (sender, e) =>
                    {
                        if (e.IsSuccess)
                        {
                            WebViewSettings.AreBrowserAcceleratorKeysEnabled = _allowWebViewShortcutKeys;
                        }
                    };
                }
                // </AllowWebViewShortcutKeys>
            }
        }

        void WebView_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.IsRepeat) return;
            bool ctrl = e.KeyboardDevice.IsKeyDown(Key.LeftCtrl) || e.KeyboardDevice.IsKeyDown(Key.RightCtrl);
            bool alt = e.KeyboardDevice.IsKeyDown(Key.LeftAlt) || e.KeyboardDevice.IsKeyDown(Key.RightAlt);
            bool shift = e.KeyboardDevice.IsKeyDown(Key.LeftShift) || e.KeyboardDevice.IsKeyDown(Key.RightShift);
            if (e.Key == Key.N && ctrl && !alt && !shift)
            {
                new MainWindow().Show();
                e.Handled = true;
            }
            else if (e.Key == Key.W && ctrl && !alt && !shift)
            {
                Close();
                e.Handled = true;
            }
        }

        void WebView_NavigationStarting(object sender, CoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventArgs e)
        {
            _isNavigating = true;
            RequeryCommands();

            // <NavigationKind>
            CoreWebView2NavigationKind kind = e.NavigationKind;
            Debug.WriteLine($"CoreWebView2_NavigationStarting: NavigationKind({kind})");
            // </NavigationKind>
        }

        void WebView_NavigationCompleted(object sender, CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            _isNavigating = false;
            RequeryCommands();
        }

        private bool shouldAttachEnvironmentEventHandlers = true;

        private string GetSdkBuildVersion()
        {
            CoreWebView2EnvironmentOptions options = new CoreWebView2EnvironmentOptions();

            // The full version string A.B.C.D
            var targetVersionMajorAndRest = options.TargetCompatibleBrowserVersion;
            var versionList = targetVersionMajorAndRest.Split('.');
            if (versionList.Length != 4)
            {
                return "Invalid SDK build version";
            }
            // Keep C.D
            return versionList[2] + "." + versionList[3];
        }

        private string GetRuntimeVersion(CoreWebView2 webView2)
        {
            return webView2.Environment.BrowserVersionString;
        }

        private string GetAppPath()
        {
            return System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase;
        }

        private string GetRuntimePath(CoreWebView2 webView2)
        {
            int processId = (int)webView2.BrowserProcessId;
            try
            {
                Process process = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessById(processId);
                var fileName = process.MainModule.FileName;
                return System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(fileName);
            }
            catch (ArgumentException e)
            {
                return e.Message;
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException e)
            {
                return e.Message;
            }
            // Occurred when a 32-bit process wants to access the modules of a 64-bit process.
            catch (Win32Exception e)
            {
                return e.Message;
            }
        }

        private string GetStartPageUri(CoreWebView2 webView2)
        {
            string uri = "https://appassets.example/AppStartPage.html";
            if (webView2 == null)
            {
                return uri;
            }
            string sdkBuildVersion = GetSdkBuildVersion(),
                   runtimeVersion = GetRuntimeVersion(webView2),
                   appPath = GetAppPath(),
                   runtimePath = GetRuntimePath(webView2);
            string newUri = $"{uri}?sdkBuild={sdkBuildVersion}&runtimeVersion={runtimeVersion}" +
                $"&appPath={appPath}&runtimePath={runtimePath}";
            return newUri;
        }

        Action OnWebViewFirstInitialized;

        bool _showExtensions = false;
        void WebView_CoreWebView2InitializationCompleted(object sender, CoreWebView2InitializationCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            IWebView2 webView = sender as IWebView2;
            if (e.IsSuccess)
            {
                // Setup host resource mapping for local files
                webView.CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping("appassets.example", "assets", CoreWebView2HostResourceAccessKind.DenyCors);
                // Set StartPage Uri, unless this WebView will be used for a new window request
                if (!_isNewWindowRequest)
                {
                    webView.CoreWebView2.Navigate(GetStartPageUri(webView.CoreWebView2));
                }

                // <ProcessFailed>
                webView.CoreWebView2.ProcessFailed += WebView_ProcessFailed;
                // </ProcessFailed>
                // <DocumentTitleChanged>
                webView.CoreWebView2.DocumentTitleChanged += WebView_DocumentTitleChanged;
                // </DocumentTitleChanged>
                // <IsDocumentPlayingAudioChanged>
                webView.CoreWebView2.IsDocumentPlayingAudioChanged += WebView_IsDocumentPlayingAudioChanged;
                // </IsDocumentPlayingAudioChanged>
                // <IsMutedChanged>
                webView.CoreWebView2.IsMutedChanged += WebView_IsMutedChanged;
                // </IsMutedChanged>
                // <PermissionRequested>
                webView.CoreWebView2.PermissionRequested += WebView_PermissionRequested;
                // </PermissionRequested>
                webView.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded += WebView_PermissionManager_DOMContentLoaded;
                webView.CoreWebView2.WebMessageReceived += WebView_PermissionManager_WebMessageReceived;

                webView.CoreWebView2.ScreenCaptureStarting += WebView_ScreenCaptureStarting;

                // The CoreWebView2Environment instance is reused when re-assigning CoreWebView2CreationProperties
                // to the replacement control. We don't need to re-attach the event handlers unless the environment
                // instance has changed.
                if (shouldAttachEnvironmentEventHandlers)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        WebViewEnvironment.BrowserProcessExited += Environment_BrowserProcessExited;
                        WebViewEnvironment.NewBrowserVersionAvailable += Environment_NewBrowserVersionAvailable;
                        WebViewEnvironment.ProcessInfosChanged += WebView_ProcessInfosChanged;
                    }
                    catch (NotImplementedException)
                    {
                        newVersionMenuItem.IsEnabled = false;
                    }
                    shouldAttachEnvironmentEventHandlers = false;
                }
                webView.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated += WebView_HandleIFrames;

                SetDefaultDownloadDialogPosition(webView);
                WebViewProfile.Deleted += WebViewProfile_Deleted;

                OnWebViewFirstInitialized?.Invoke();

                webView.CoreWebView2.NewWindowRequested += delegate (
                    object webview2, CoreWebView2NewWindowRequestedEventArgs args)
                {
                    // The host can decide how to open based on source frame info,
                    // such as URI.
                    string sampleUri = "https://www.example.com/";
                    bool useDefaultBrowser =
                        (args.OriginalSourceFrameInfo?.Source == sampleUri);
                    if (useDefaultBrowser)
                    {
                        ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
                        {
                            FileName = args.Uri,
                            // Open the URI in the default browser.
                            UseShellExecute = true
                        };
                        Process.Start(startInfo);
                        args.Handled = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();
                        MainWindow main_window = new MainWindow(
                            webView.CreationProperties, true /*isNewWindowRequest*/);
                        main_window.OnWebViewFirstInitialized = () =>
                        {
                            using (deferral)
                            {
                                args.Handled = true;
                                args.NewWindow = main_window._iWebView2.CoreWebView2;
                            }
                        };
                        main_window.Show();
                    }
                };
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
                // Store the default values from the WebView2 Runtime so we can restore them later.
                DefaultTimerIntervalForeground = webView.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredForegroundTimerWakeInterval;
                DefaultTimerIntervalBackground = webView.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredBackgroundTimerWakeInterval;
                DefaultTimerIntervalIntensive = webView.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredIntensiveTimerWakeInterval;
                DefaultTimerIntervalOverride = webView.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredOverrideTimerWakeInterval;
#endif
                if (_showExtensions)
                {
                    _showExtensions = false;
                    new Extensions(webView.CoreWebView2).Show();
                }

                return;
            }

            // ERROR_DELETE_PENDING(0x8007012f)
            if (e.InitializationException.HResult == -2147024593)
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"Failed to create webview, because the profile's name has been marked as deleted, please use a different profile's name.");
                var dialog = new NewWindowOptionsDialog();
                dialog.CreationProperties = _iWebView2.CreationProperties;
                if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                {
                    new MainWindow(dialog.CreationProperties).Show();
                }
                Close();
                return;
            }
            MessageBox.Show($"WebView2 creation failed with exception = {e.InitializationException}");
        }

        private void WebViewProfile_Deleted(object sender, object e)
        {
            this.Dispatcher.InvokeAsync(() =>
            {
                String message = "The profile has been marked for deletion. Any associated webview2 objects will be closed.";
                MessageBox.Show(message);
                Close();
            });
        }
        private void SetDefaultDownloadDialogPosition(IWebView2 webView)
        {
            try
            {
                // <SetDefaultDownloadDialogPosition>
                const int defaultMarginX = 75, defaultMarginY = 0;
                CoreWebView2DefaultDownloadDialogCornerAlignment cornerAlignment
                    = CoreWebView2DefaultDownloadDialogCornerAlignment.TopLeft;
                System.Drawing.Point margin = new System.Drawing.Point(
                    defaultMarginX, defaultMarginY);
                webView.CoreWebView2.DefaultDownloadDialogCornerAlignment =
                    cornerAlignment;
                webView.CoreWebView2.DefaultDownloadDialogMargin = margin;
                // </SetDefaultDownloadDialogPosition>
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException) { }
        }

        // <BrowserProcessExited>
        private bool shouldAttemptReinitOnBrowserExit = false;

        void Environment_BrowserProcessExited(object sender, CoreWebView2BrowserProcessExitedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Let ProcessFailed handler take care of process failure.
            if (e.BrowserProcessExitKind == CoreWebView2BrowserProcessExitKind.Failed)
            {
                return;
            }
            if (shouldAttemptReinitOnBrowserExit)
            {
                shouldAttemptReinitOnBrowserExit = false;
                _webViewEnvironment = null;
                _ = ReinitializeWebView(_useCompositionControl);
            }
        }
        // </BrowserProcessExited>

        void WebView_HandleIFrames(object sender, CoreWebView2FrameCreatedEventArgs args)
        {
            _webViewFrames.Add(args.Frame);
            args.Frame.Destroyed += (frameDestroyedSender, frameDestroyedArgs) =>
            {
                var frameToRemove = _webViewFrames.SingleOrDefault(r => r.IsDestroyed() == 1);
                if (frameToRemove != null)
                    _webViewFrames.Remove(frameToRemove);
            };
        }
        string WebViewFrames_ToString()
        {
            string result = "";
            for (var i = 0; i < _webViewFrames.Count; i++)
            {
                if (i > 0) result += "; ";
                result += i.ToString() + " " +
                    (String.IsNullOrEmpty(_webViewFrames[i].Name) ? "<empty_name>" : _webViewFrames[i].Name);
            }
            return String.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? "no iframes available." : result;
        }

        // <NewBrowserVersionAvailable>
        // A new version of the WebView2 Runtime is available, our handler gets called.
        // We close our WebView and set a handler to reinitialize it once the WebView2
        // Runtime collection of processes are gone, so we get the new version of the
        // WebView2 Runtime.
        void Environment_NewBrowserVersionAvailable(object sender, object e)
        {
            if (((App)Application.Current).newRuntimeEventHandled)
            {
                return;
            }

            ((App)Application.Current).newRuntimeEventHandled = true;
            System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
            {
                UpdateIfSelectedByUser();
            }, null);
        }
        // </NewBrowserVersionAvailable>

        void UpdateIfSelectedByUser()
        {
            // New browser version available, ask user to close everything and re-init.
            StringBuilder messageBuilder = new StringBuilder(256);
            messageBuilder.Append("We detected there is a new version of the WebView2 Runtime installed. ");
            messageBuilder.Append("Do you want to switch to it now? This will re-create the WebView.");
            var selection = MessageBox.Show(this, messageBuilder.ToString(), "New WebView2 Runtime detected", MessageBoxButton.YesNo);
            if (selection == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
            {
                // If this or any other application creates additional WebViews from the same
                // environment configuration, all those WebViews need to be closed before
                // the browser process will exit. This sample creates a single WebView per
                // MainWindow, we let each MainWindow prepare to recreate and close its WebView.
                CloseAppWebViewsForUpdate();
            }
            ((App)Application.Current).newRuntimeEventHandled = false;
        }

        private void CloseAppWebViewsForUpdate()
        {
            foreach (Window window in Application.Current.Windows)
            {
                if (window is MainWindow mainWindow)
                {
                    mainWindow.CloseWebViewForUpdate();
                }
            }
        }

        private void CloseWebViewForUpdate()
        {
            // We dispose of the control so the internal WebView objects are released
            // and the associated browser process exits.
            CloseWebView(true /*recreate*/);
        }

        private static void OnShowNextWebResponseChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            MainWindow window = (MainWindow)d;
            if ((bool)e.NewValue)
            {
                window._iWebView2.CoreWebView2.WebResourceResponseReceived += window.CoreWebView2_WebResourceResponseReceived;
            }
            else
            {
                window._iWebView2.CoreWebView2.WebResourceResponseReceived -= window.CoreWebView2_WebResourceResponseReceived;
            }
        }

        public static readonly DependencyProperty ShowNextWebResponseProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
            nameof(ShowNextWebResponse),
            typeof(Boolean),
            typeof(MainWindow),
            new PropertyMetadata(false, OnShowNextWebResponseChanged));

        public bool ShowNextWebResponse
        {
            get => (bool)this.GetValue(ShowNextWebResponseProperty);
            set => this.SetValue(ShowNextWebResponseProperty, value);
        }

        async void CoreWebView2_WebResourceResponseReceived(object sender, CoreWebView2WebResourceResponseReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <WebResourceResponseReceived>
            ShowNextWebResponse = false;

            CoreWebView2WebResourceRequest request = e.Request;
            CoreWebView2WebResourceResponseView response = e.Response;

            string caption = "Web Resource Response Received";
            // Start with capacity 64 for minimum message size
            StringBuilder messageBuilder = new StringBuilder(64);
            string HttpMessageContentToString(System.IO.Stream content) => content == null ? "[null]" : "[data]";
            void AppendHeaders(IEnumerable headers)
            {
                foreach (var header in headers)
                {
                    messageBuilder.AppendLine($"  {header}");
                }
            }

            // Request
            messageBuilder.AppendLine("Request");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"URI: {request.Uri}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Method: {request.Method}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine("Headers:");
            AppendHeaders(request.Headers);
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Content: {HttpMessageContentToString(request.Content)}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine();

            // Response
            messageBuilder.AppendLine("Response");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Status: {response.StatusCode}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Reason: {response.ReasonPhrase}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine("Headers:");
            AppendHeaders(response.Headers);
            try
            {
                Stream content = await response.GetContentAsync();
                messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Content: {HttpMessageContentToString(content)}");
            }
            catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException)
            {
                messageBuilder.AppendLine($"Content: [failed to load]");
            }

            MessageBox.Show(messageBuilder.ToString(), caption);
            // </WebResourceResponseReceived>
        }

        void RequeryCommands()
        {
            // Seems like there should be a way to bind CanExecute directly to a bool property
            // so that the binding can take care keeping CanExecute up-to-date when the property's
            // value changes, but apparently there isn't.  Instead we listen for the WebView events
            // which signal that one of the underlying bool properties might have changed and
            // bluntly tell all commands to re-check their CanExecute status.
            //
            // Another way to trigger this re-check would be to create our own bool dependency
            // properties on this class, bind them to the underlying properties, and implement a
            // PropertyChangedCallback on them.  That arguably more directly binds the status of
            // the commands to the WebView's state, but at the cost of having an extraneous
            // dependency property sitting around for each underlying property, which doesn't seem
            // worth it, especially given that the WebView API explicitly documents which events
            // signal the property value changes.
            CommandManager.InvalidateRequerySuggested();
        }

        void WebView_DocumentTitleChanged(object sender, object e)
        {
            UpdateTitle();
        }

        void UpdateTitle()
        {
            this.Title = $"{GetControlAdorner()} {GetMutedAdorner()} {GetDocumentTitle()}";
        }

        string GetMutedAdorner()
        {
            bool isDocumentPlayingAudio = _iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.IsDocumentPlayingAudio ?? false;
            bool isMuted = _iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.IsMuted ?? false;
            return (isDocumentPlayingAudio ? (isMuted ? "🔇" : "🔊") : "");
        }

        string GetControlAdorner()
        {
            return _useCompositionControl ? "[WebView2CompositionControl]" : "[WebView2]";
        }

        string GetDocumentTitle()
        {
            return _iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.DocumentTitle ?? string.Empty;
        }

        void WebView_IsMutedChanged(object sender, object e)
        {
            UpdateTitle();
        }
        void WebView_IsDocumentPlayingAudioChanged(object sender, object e)
        {
            UpdateTitle();
        }

        void ToggleMuteStateCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ToggleIsMuted>
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.IsMuted = !_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.IsMuted;
            // </ToggleIsMuted>
        }

        void AllowExternalDropCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ToggleAllowExternalDrop>
            _iWebView2.AllowExternalDrop = !_iWebView2.AllowExternalDrop;
            // </ToggleAllowExternalDrop>
        }

        // <GetProcessInfos>
        void WebView_ProcessInfosChanged(object sender, object e)
        {
            _processList = WebViewEnvironment.GetProcessInfos();
        }

        void PerfInfoCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string result;
            int processListCount = _processList.Count;
            if (processListCount == 0)
            {
                result = "No process found.";
            }
            else
            {
                result = $"{processListCount} child process(s) found\n\n";
                for (int i = 0; i < processListCount; ++i)
                {
                    int processId = _processList[i].ProcessId;
                    CoreWebView2ProcessKind kind = _processList[i].Kind;

                    var proc = Process.GetProcessById(processId);
                    var memoryInBytes = proc.PrivateMemorySize64;
                    var b2kb = memoryInBytes / 1024;
                    result = result + $"Process ID: {processId} | Process Kind: {kind} | Memory: {b2kb} KB\n";
                }
            }

            MessageBox.Show(this, result, "Process List");
        }
        // </GetProcessInfos>

#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
        string AppendFrameInfo(CoreWebView2FrameInfo frameInfo)
        {
            string id = frameInfo.FrameId.ToString();
            string kind = frameInfo.FrameKind.ToString();
            string name = String.IsNullOrEmpty(frameInfo.Name) ? "none" : frameInfo.Name;
            string source = String.IsNullOrEmpty(frameInfo.Source) ? "none" : frameInfo.Source;
            string parentId = frameInfo.ParentFrameInfo == null ? "none" : frameInfo.ParentFrameInfo.FrameId.ToString();
            string type = "other frame";

            CoreWebView2FrameInfo mainFrame = GetAncestorMainFrameInfo(frameInfo);
            string mainFrameId = mainFrame.FrameId.ToString();
            if (frameInfo == mainFrame)
            {
                type = "main frame";
            }

            CoreWebView2FrameInfo childFrame = GetAncestorMainFrameDirectChildFrameInfo(frameInfo);
            string childFrameId = childFrame == null ? "none" : childFrame.FrameId.ToString();
            if (frameInfo == childFrame)
            {
                type = "first level frame";
            }

            return $"{{frame Id:{id} " +
                   $"| frame Name: {name} " +
                   $"| frame Type: {type} " +
                   $"| parent frame Id: {parentId} \n" +
                   $"| ancestor main frame Id: {mainFrameId} " +
                   $"| ancestor first level frame Id: {childFrameId} \n" +
                   $"| frame Kind: {kind} " +
                   $"| frame Source: \"{source}\"}}\n";
        }

        CoreWebView2FrameInfo GetAncestorMainFrameInfo(CoreWebView2FrameInfo frameInfo)
        {
            while (frameInfo.ParentFrameInfo != null)
            {
                frameInfo = frameInfo.ParentFrameInfo;
            }
            return frameInfo;
        }

        // Get the frame's corresponding main frame's direct child frameInfo.
        // Example:
        //         A (main frame/CoreWebView2)
        //         | \
        // (frame) B  C (frame)
        //         |  |
        // (frame) D  E (frame)
        //            |
        //            F (frame)
        // C GetAncestorMainFrameDirectChildFrameInfo returns C.
        // D GetAncestorMainFrameDirectChildFrameInfo returns B.
        // F GetAncestorMainFrameDirectChildFrameInfo returns C.
        CoreWebView2FrameInfo GetAncestorMainFrameDirectChildFrameInfo(CoreWebView2FrameInfo frameInfo)
        {
            if (frameInfo.ParentFrameInfo == null)
            {
                return null;
            }

            CoreWebView2FrameInfo childFrameInfo = null;
            CoreWebView2FrameInfo mainFrameInfo = null;
            while (frameInfo != null)
            {
                childFrameInfo = mainFrameInfo;
                mainFrameInfo = frameInfo;
                frameInfo = frameInfo.ParentFrameInfo;
            }
            return childFrameInfo;
        }
#endif

        private async void ProcessExtendedInfoCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            try
            {
                // <GetProcessExtendedInfos>
                IReadOnlyList<CoreWebView2ProcessExtendedInfo> processList = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment.GetProcessExtendedInfosAsync();
                int processCount = processList.Count;
                string rendererProcessInfos = "";
                string otherProcessInfos = "";
                int rendererProcessCount = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < processCount; ++i)
                {
                    CoreWebView2ProcessInfo processInfo = processList[i].ProcessInfo;
                    CoreWebView2ProcessKind kind = processInfo.Kind;
                    int processId = processInfo.ProcessId;
                    if (kind == CoreWebView2ProcessKind.Renderer)
                    {
                        int frameInfoCount = 0;
                        string frameInfos = "";
                        // <AssociatedFrameInfos>
                        IReadOnlyList<CoreWebView2FrameInfo> frameInfoList = processList[i].AssociatedFrameInfos;
                        foreach (CoreWebView2FrameInfo frameInfo in frameInfoList)
                        {
                            frameInfoCount++;
                            frameInfos += AppendFrameInfo(frameInfo);
                        }
                        // </AssociatedFrameInfos>
                        string rendererProcessInfo = $"{frameInfoCount} frame info(s) found in renderer process ID: {processId}\n {frameInfos}";
                        rendererProcessInfos += $"{rendererProcessInfo} \n";
                        rendererProcessCount++;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        otherProcessInfos += $"Process ID: {processId} | Process Kind: {kind}\n";
                    }
                }
                // </GetProcessExtendedInfos>
                string message = $"{processCount} process(es) found in total, from which {rendererProcessCount} renderer process(es) found\n\n" +
                                 $"{rendererProcessInfos}\nRemaining Process Infos:\n{otherProcessInfos}";
                MessageBox.Show(this, message, "Process Extended Info");
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "GetProcessExtendedInfosAsync Failed: " + exception.Message,
                   "Process Extended Info");
            }
#else
            await Task.CompletedTask;
#endif
        }
        void CreateDownloadsButtonCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Button downloadsButton = new Button();
            downloadsButton.Content = "Downloads";
            downloadsButton.Click +=
                new RoutedEventHandler(ToggleDownloadDialog);
            DockPanel.SetDock(downloadsButton, Dock.Left);
            dockPanel.Children.Insert(dockPanel.Children.IndexOf(url),
                downloadsButton);
            try
            {
                // Subscribe to the `IsDefaultDownloadDialogOpenChanged` event
                // to make changes in response to the default download dialog
                // opening or closing. For example, if the dialog is anchored to
                // a button in the application, the button appearance can change
                // depending on whether the dialog is opened or closed.
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.IsDefaultDownloadDialogOpenChanged +=
                    (sender, args) =>
                {
                    if (_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.IsDefaultDownloadDialogOpen)
                    {
                        downloadsButton.Background = new SolidColorBrush(
                            Colors.LightBlue);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        downloadsButton.Background = new SolidColorBrush(
                            Colors.AliceBlue);
                    }
                };
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException) { }
        }
        private void ToggleDownloadDialog(object target, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // <ToggleDefaultDownloadDialog>
                if (_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.IsDefaultDownloadDialogOpen)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CloseDefaultDownloadDialog();
                }
                else
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.OpenDefaultDownloadDialog();
                }
                // </ToggleDefaultDownloadDialog>
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Toggle download dialog: " + exception.Message,
                    "Download Dialog");
            }
        }

        void ShowExtensionsWindowCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            new Extensions(_iWebView2.CoreWebView2).Show();
        }

        void NewWindowWithOptionsCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var dialog = new NewWindowOptionsDialog();
            dialog.CreationProperties = _iWebView2.CreationProperties;
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                new MainWindow(dialog.CreationProperties).Show();
            }
        }

        private void ThreadProc(string browserExecutableFolder, string userDataFolder, string language, string additionalBrowserArguments, string profileName, bool? isInPrivateModeEnabled, string scriptLocale)
        {
            try
            {
                // Some class members are global static properties, and VerifyAccess() will throw exceptions when accessing across threads. So prepare copies of them.
                // See DispatcherObject Class on MSDN: Only the thread that the Dispatcher was created on may access the DispatcherObject directly.
                CoreWebView2CreationProperties creationProperties = new CoreWebView2CreationProperties();
                creationProperties.BrowserExecutableFolder = browserExecutableFolder;
                creationProperties.UserDataFolder = userDataFolder;
                creationProperties.Language = language;
                creationProperties.AdditionalBrowserArguments = additionalBrowserArguments;
                creationProperties.ProfileName = profileName;
                creationProperties.IsInPrivateModeEnabled = isInPrivateModeEnabled;
                creationProperties.ScriptLocale = scriptLocale;
                var tempWindow = new MainWindow(creationProperties);
                tempWindow.Show();
                // Causes dispatcher to shutdown when window is closed.
                tempWindow.Closed += (s, e) =>
                {
                    System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.InvokeShutdown();
                };
                // Run the message pump
                System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run();
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Create New Thread Failed: " + exception.Message, "Create New Thread");
            }
        }

        void CreateNewThreadCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string browserExecutableFolder = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.BrowserExecutableFolder;
            string userDataFolder = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.UserDataFolder;
            string language = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.Language;
            string additionalBrowserArguments = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.AdditionalBrowserArguments;
            string profileName = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.ProfileName;
            bool? isInPrivateModeEnabled = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.IsInPrivateModeEnabled;
            string scriptLocale = _iWebView2.CreationProperties.ScriptLocale;
            Thread newWindowThread = new Thread(() =>
            {
                ThreadProc(browserExecutableFolder, userDataFolder, language, additionalBrowserArguments, profileName, isInPrivateModeEnabled, scriptLocale);
            });
            newWindowThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
            newWindowThread.IsBackground = false;
            newWindowThread.Start();
        }

        void ExtensionsCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            this.CreationProperties.AreBrowserExtensionsEnabled = true; // Enable extensions support when the WebView2 is torn down and recreated.
            _showExtensions = true;
            CloseWebView(true /*recreate*/);
        }

        void ExtensionsCommandCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            e.CanExecute = true;
        }

        // Commands(V2)
        void AboutCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(this, "WebView2WpfBrowser, Version 1.0\nCopyright(C) 2022", "About WebView2WpfBrowser");
        }

        private void SmartScreenEnabledExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ToggleSmartScreenEnabled>
            WebViewSettings.IsReputationCheckingRequired = !WebViewSettings.IsReputationCheckingRequired;
            // </ToggleSmartScreenEnabled>
            MessageBox.Show("SmartScreen is" + (WebViewSettings.IsReputationCheckingRequired ? " enabled " : " disabled ") + "after the next navigation.");
        }

        void PostMessageStringCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Post Web Message String",
                description: "Web message string:\r\nEnter the web message as a string.");

            try
            {
                if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PostWebMessageAsString(dialog.Input.Text);
                }
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "PostMessageAsString Failed: " + exception.Message,
                   "Post Message As String");
            }
        }

        void PostMessageJSONCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Post Web Message JSON",
                description: "Web message JSON:\r\nEnter the web message as JSON.",
                 defaultInput: "{\"SetColor\":\"blue\"}");

            try
            {
                if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                {
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PostWebMessageAsJson(dialog.Input.Text);
                }
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "PostMessageAsJSON Failed: " + exception.Message,
                   "Post Message As JSON");
            }
        }

        void GetDocumentTitleCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DocumentTitle, "Document Title");
        }

        void GetUserDataFolderCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                MessageBox.Show(WebViewEnvironment.UserDataFolder, "User Data Folder");
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Get User Data Folder Failed: " + exception.Message, "User Data Folder");
            }
        }

        // <SharedBuffer>
        private CoreWebView2SharedBuffer sharedBuffer = null;
        void SharedBufferRequestedCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.WebMessageReceived += WebView_WebMessageReceivedSharedBuffer;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated += WebView_FrameCreatedSharedBuffer;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping(
                "appassets.example", "assets", CoreWebView2HostResourceAccessKind.DenyCors);
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/sharedBuffer.html");
        }

        void EnsureSharedBuffer()
        {
            ulong bufferSize = 128;
            if (sharedBuffer == null)
            {
                sharedBuffer = WebViewEnvironment.CreateSharedBuffer(bufferSize);

                using (Stream stream = sharedBuffer.OpenStream())
                {
                    using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
                    {
                        writer.Write("some data from .NET");
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        void WebView_WebMessageReceivedSharedBuffer(object sender, CoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            bool forWebView = (sender is CoreWebView2);
            if (args.TryGetWebMessageAsString() == "RequestShareBuffer")
            {
                EnsureSharedBuffer();
                if (forWebView)
                {
                    ((CoreWebView2)sender).PostSharedBufferToScript(sharedBuffer, CoreWebView2SharedBufferAccess.ReadWrite, null);
                }
                else
                {
                    ((CoreWebView2Frame)sender).PostSharedBufferToScript(sharedBuffer, CoreWebView2SharedBufferAccess.ReadWrite, null);
                }
            }
            else if (args.TryGetWebMessageAsString() == "RequestOneTimeShareBuffer")
            {
                ulong bufferSize = 128;
                string data = "some read only data";
                // <OneTimeShareBuffer>
                SafeHandle fileMappingHandle;
                using (CoreWebView2SharedBuffer buffer = WebViewEnvironment.CreateSharedBuffer(bufferSize))
                {
                    fileMappingHandle = buffer.FileMappingHandle;
                    AssertCondition(fileMappingHandle.IsInvalid == false, "FileMappingHandle of a valid shared buffer should be valid");
                    using (Stream stream = buffer.OpenStream())
                    {
                        using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
                        {
                            writer.Write(data);
                        }
                    }
                    string additionalDataAsJson = "{\"myBufferType\":\"bufferType1\"}";
                    if (forWebView)
                    {
                        ((CoreWebView2)sender).PostSharedBufferToScript(buffer, CoreWebView2SharedBufferAccess.ReadOnly, additionalDataAsJson);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        ((CoreWebView2Frame)sender).PostSharedBufferToScript(buffer, CoreWebView2SharedBufferAccess.ReadOnly, additionalDataAsJson);
                    }
                }
                AssertCondition(fileMappingHandle.IsInvalid == true, "FileMappingHandle of a disposed shared buffer should be invalid");
                // </OneTimeShareBuffer>
            }
            else if (args.TryGetWebMessageAsString() == "SharedBufferDataUpdated")
            {
                ShowSharedBuffer();
            }
        }

        void WebView_FrameCreatedSharedBuffer(object sender, CoreWebView2FrameCreatedEventArgs args)
        {
            args.Frame.WebMessageReceived += (WebMessageReceivedSender, WebMessageReceivedArgs) =>
            {
                WebView_WebMessageReceivedSharedBuffer(WebMessageReceivedSender, WebMessageReceivedArgs);
            };
        }

        void ShowSharedBuffer()
        {
            using (Stream stream = sharedBuffer.OpenStream())
            {
                using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream))
                {
                    string text_content = reader.ReadLine();
                    MessageBox.Show(text_content, "shared buffer updated");
                }
            }
        }
        // </SharedBuffer>

        // Prompt the user for some script and register it to execute whenever a new page loads.
        private async void AddInitializeScriptCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextInputDialog dialog = new TextInputDialog(
              title: "Add Initialize Script",
              description: "Enter the JavaScript code to run as the initialization script that runs before any script in the HTML document.",
              // This example script stops child frames from opening new windows.  Because
              // the initialization script runs before any script in the HTML document, we
              // can trust the results of our checks on window.parent and window.top.
              defaultInput: "if (window.parent !== window.top) {\r\n" +
              "    delete window.open;\r\n" +
              "}");
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                try
                {
                    string scriptId = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreatedAsync(dialog.Input.Text);
                    m_lastInitializeScriptId = scriptId;
                    MessageBox.Show(this, scriptId, "AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated Id");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, ex.ToString(), "AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated failed");
                }
            }
        }

        // Prompt the user for an initialization script ID and deregister that script.
        private void RemoveInitializeScriptCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextInputDialog dialog = new TextInputDialog(
              title: "Remove Initialize Script",
              description: "Enter the ID created from Add Initialize Script.",
              defaultInput: m_lastInitializeScriptId);
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                string scriptId = dialog.Input.Text;
                // check valid
                try
                {
                    Int64 result = Int64.Parse(scriptId);
                    Int64 lastId = Int64.Parse(m_lastInitializeScriptId);
                    if (result > lastId)
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show(this, scriptId, "Invalid ScriptId, should be less or equal than " + m_lastInitializeScriptId);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.RemoveScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated(scriptId);
                        if (result == lastId && lastId >= 2)
                        {
                            m_lastInitializeScriptId = (lastId - 1).ToString();
                        }
                        MessageBox.Show(this, scriptId, "RemoveScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated Id");
                    }
                }
                catch (FormatException)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, scriptId, "Invalid ScriptId, should be Integer");

                }
            }
        }
        // Prompt the user for the name and parameters of a CDP method, then call it.
        private async void CallCdpMethodCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextInputDialog dialog = new TextInputDialog(
              title: "Call CDP Method",
              description: "Enter the CDP method name to call, followed by a space,\r\n" +
                "followed by the parameters in JSON format.",
              defaultInput: "Runtime.evaluate {\"expression\":\"alert(\\\"test\\\")\"}"
            );
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                string[] words = dialog.Input.Text.Trim().Split(' ');
                if (words.Length == 1 && words[0] == "")
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, "Invalid argument:" + dialog.Input.Text, "CDP Method call failed");
                    return;
                }
                string methodName = words[0];
                string methodParams = (words.Length == 2 ? words[1] : "{}");

                try
                {
                    string cdpResult = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.CallDevToolsProtocolMethodAsync(methodName, methodParams);
                    MessageBox.Show(this, cdpResult, "CDP method call successfully");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, ex.ToString(), "CDP method call failed");
                }
            }
        }

        private void OpenDevToolsCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.OpenDevToolsWindow();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, ex.ToString(), "Open DevTools Window failed");
            }
        }

        private void OpenTaskManagerCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.OpenTaskManagerWindow();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, ex.ToString(), "Open Task Manager Window failed");
            }
        }


        void CrashBrowserProcessCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("edge://inducebrowsercrashforrealz");
        }

        void CrashRenderProcessCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("edge://kill");
        }



        void HostObjectsAllowedCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ToggleHostObjectsAllowed>
            WebViewSettings.AreHostObjectsAllowed = !WebViewSettings.AreHostObjectsAllowed;
            // </ToggleHostObjectsAllowed>
            MessageBox.Show("Access to host objects will be" + (WebViewSettings.AreHostObjectsAllowed ? " allowed " : " denied ") + "after the next navigation.");
        }

        void BrowserAcceleratorKeyEnabledCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ToggleBrowserAcceleratorKeyEnabled>
            WebViewSettings.AreBrowserAcceleratorKeysEnabled = !WebViewSettings.AreBrowserAcceleratorKeysEnabled;
            // </ToggleBrowserAcceleratorKeyEnabled>
            MessageBox.Show("Browser-specific accelerator keys will be" + (WebViewSettings.AreBrowserAcceleratorKeysEnabled ? " enabled " : " disabled ") + "after the next navigation.");
        }


        async void InjectScriptWithResultCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // <ExecuteScriptWithResult>
            var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
                title: "Inject Script With Result",
                description: "Enter some JavaScript to be executed in the context of this page, and get the error info when execution failed",
                defaultInput: ""
            );
            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                var result = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ExecuteScriptWithResultAsync(dialog.Input.Text);
                if (result.Succeeded)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this, result.ResultAsJson, "ExecuteScript Json Result");
                    int is_success = 0;
                    string str = "";
                    result.TryGetResultAsString(out str, out is_success);
                    if (is_success == 1)
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show(this, str, "ExecuteScript String Result");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show(this, "Get string failed", "ExecuteScript String Result");
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    var exception = result.Exception;
                    MessageBox.Show(this, exception.Name, "ExecuteScript Exception Name");
                    MessageBox.Show(this, exception.Message, "ExecuteScript Exception Message");
                    MessageBox.Show(this, exception.ToJson, "ExecuteScript Exception Detail");
                    var location_info = "LineNumber:" + exception.LineNumber + ", ColumnNumber:" + exception.ColumnNumber;
                    MessageBox.Show(this, location_info, "ExecuteScript Exception Location");
                }
            }
            // </ExecuteScriptWithResult>
        }

        string NameOfPermissionKind(CoreWebView2PermissionKind kind)
        {
            switch (kind)
            {
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Microphone:
                    return "Microphone";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Camera:
                    return "Camera";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Geolocation:
                    return "Geolocation";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Notifications:
                    return "Notifications";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.OtherSensors:
                    return "OtherSensors";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.ClipboardRead:
                    return "ClipboardRead";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.MultipleAutomaticDownloads:
                    return "AutomaticDownloads";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.FileReadWrite:
                    return "FileReadWrite";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Autoplay:
                    return "Autoplay";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.LocalFonts:
                    return "LocalFonts";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.MidiSystemExclusiveMessages:
                    return "MidiSysex";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionKind.WindowManagement:
                    return "WindowManagement";
                default:
                    return "Unknown";
            }
        }

        // <OnPermissionRequested>
        void WebView_PermissionRequested(object sender, CoreWebView2PermissionRequestedEventArgs args)
        {
            // Obtain a deferral for the event so that the CoreWebView2 doesn't examine
            // the properties set on the event args until after the dialog is closed.
            CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();

            System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
            {
                using (deferral)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        // Do not save state to the profile so that the PermissionRequested
                        // event is always raised and the app is in control of all
                        // permission requests.
                        args.SavesInProfile = false;
                    }
                    catch (NotImplementedException e)
                    {
                        Debug.WriteLine($"SavesInProfile is not available with this WebView2 Runtime version. Handle `NewBrowserVersionAvailable` to be notified when the Runtime can be updated: {e.Message}");
                    }
                    var cachedKey = (args.Uri, args.PermissionKind, args.IsUserInitiated);
                    CoreWebView2PermissionState state = CoreWebView2PermissionState.Default;
                    if (_cachedPermissions.ContainsKey(cachedKey))
                    {
                        state = _cachedPermissions[cachedKey]
                            ? CoreWebView2PermissionState.Allow
                            : CoreWebView2PermissionState.Deny;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        string message = "An iframe has requested device permission for ";
                        message += NameOfPermissionKind(args.PermissionKind) + " to the website at ";
                        message += args.Uri + ".\n\nDo you want to grant permission?\n";
                        message += args.IsUserInitiated ? "This request came from a user gesture." : "This request did not come from a user gesture.";
                        var selection = MessageBox.Show(
                            message, "Permission Request", MessageBoxButton.YesNoCancel);
                        switch (selection)
                        {
                            case MessageBoxResult.Yes:
                                state = CoreWebView2PermissionState.Allow;
                                _cachedPermissions[cachedKey] = true;
                                break;
                            case MessageBoxResult.No:
                                state = CoreWebView2PermissionState.Deny;
                                _cachedPermissions[cachedKey] = false;
                                break;
                            case MessageBoxResult.Cancel:
                                state = CoreWebView2PermissionState.Default;
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    args.State = state;
                }
            }, null);
        }
        // </OnPermissionRequested>

        void CloseWebViewCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            CloseWebView();
        }

        void NewWebViewCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _ = ReinitializeWebView(false /*useCompositionControl*/);
        }

        void NewWebViewCompositionControlCommandExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _ = ReinitializeWebView(true /*useCompositionControl*/);
        }

        void PermissionManagementExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping(
                "appassets.example", "assets", CoreWebView2HostResourceAccessKind.DenyCors);
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/ScenarioPermissionManagement.html");
        }

        void NotificationReceivedExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping(
                "appassets.example", "assets", CoreWebView2HostResourceAccessKind.DenyCors);
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/ScenarioNotificationReceived.html");
        }

        string PermissionStateToString(CoreWebView2PermissionState state)
        {
            switch (state)
            {
                case CoreWebView2PermissionState.Allow:
                    return "Allow";
                case CoreWebView2PermissionState.Deny:
                    return "Deny";
                default:
                    return "Default";
            }
        }

        // <GetNonDefaultPermissionSettings>
        async void WebView_PermissionManager_DOMContentLoaded(object sender,
            CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs arg)
        {
            if (_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Source !=
                "https://appassets.example/ScenarioPermissionManagement.html")
            {
                return;
            }
            try
            {
                // Gets the nondefault permission collection and updates a
                // custom permission management page.
                IReadOnlyList<CoreWebView2PermissionSetting> permissionList =
                    await WebViewProfile.GetNonDefaultPermissionSettingsAsync();
                foreach (CoreWebView2PermissionSetting setting in permissionList)
                {
                    string reply = "{\"PermissionSetting\": \"" +
                                    NameOfPermissionKind(setting.PermissionKind) + ", " +
                                    setting.PermissionOrigin + ", " +
                                    PermissionStateToString(setting.PermissionState) +
                                    "\"}";
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PostWebMessageAsJson(reply);
                }
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(this,
                        "Permission manager not supported: " + exception.Message,
                        "Permission Manager");
                }, null);
            }
        }
        // </GetNonDefaultPermissionSettings>

        void WebView_PermissionManager_WebMessageReceived(object sender,
            CoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            if (args.Source !=
                "https://appassets.example/ScenarioPermissionManagement.html")
            {
                return;
            }
            string message = args.TryGetWebMessageAsString();
            if (message == "SetPermission")
            {
                // Avoid potential reentrancy from running a message loop in the
                // event handler.
                System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                {
                    var dialog = new SetPermissionDialog(
                        _permissionKinds, _permissionStates);
                    if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            SetPermissionState(
                                (CoreWebView2PermissionKind)dialog.PermissionKind.SelectedItem,
                                dialog.Origin.Text,
                                (CoreWebView2PermissionState)dialog.PermissionState.SelectedItem);
                        }
                        catch (NotImplementedException e)
                        {
                            Debug.WriteLine($"SetPermissionState failed: {e.Message}");
                        }
                    }
                }, null);
            }
        }

        async void SetPermissionState(CoreWebView2PermissionKind kind,
            string origin, CoreWebView2PermissionState state)
        {
            // Example: WebViewProfile.SetPermissionState(
            //    CoreWebView2PermissionKind.Geolocation,
            //    "https://example.com",
            //    CoreWebView2PermissionState.Deny);
            await WebViewProfile.SetPermissionStateAsync(
                kind, origin, state);
            _iWebView2.Reload();
        }


#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
        // <OnNotificationReceived>
        void WebView_NotificationReceived(object sender, CoreWebView2NotificationReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();
            var notification = args.Notification;

            StringBuilder messageBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"WebView2 has received an Notification:");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tSender origin: {args.SenderOrigin}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tTitle: {notification.Title}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tBody: {notification.Body}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tLanguage: {notification.Language}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tTag: {notification.Tag}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tIconUri: {notification.IconUri}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tBadgeUri: {notification.BadgeUri}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tImageUri: {notification.BodyImageUri}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tTimestamp: {notification.Timestamp.ToString("G")}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tVibration pattern: {string.Join(",", notification.VibrationPattern)}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tRequireInteraction: {notification.RequiresInteraction}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tSilent: {notification.IsSilent}");
            messageBuilder.AppendLine($"\tRenotify: {notification.ShouldRenotify}");

            args.Handled = true;
            System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
            {
                using (deferral)
                {
                    // Hide the default notification UI.
                    args.Handled = true;
                    var notificationDialog = MessageBox.Show(this, messageBuilder.ToString(), "New Web Notification", MessageBoxButton.YesNo);
                    notification.ReportShown();
                    if (notificationDialog == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
                    {
                        notification.ReportClicked();
                        notification.ReportClosed();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        notification.ReportClosed();
                    }
                }
            }, null);
        }
        // </OnNotificationReceived>
#endif

        // <ProgrammaticSaveAs>
        async void ProgrammaticSaveAsExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // <ShowSaveAsUICompleted>
                CoreWebView2SaveAsUIResult result = await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.ShowSaveAsUIAsync();
                MessageBox.Show(result.ToString(), "Info");
                // </ShowSaveAsUICompleted>
            }
            catch (NotImplementedException exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Programmatic Save As Failed: " + exception.Message);
            }
        }
        // </ProgrammaticSaveAs>

        // <ToggleSilent>
        private bool isSilentSaveAs = false;
        void ToggleSilentExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            isSilentSaveAs = !isSilentSaveAs;
            if (isSilentSaveAs)
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SaveAsUIShowing += WebView_SaveAsUIShowing;
            else
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SaveAsUIShowing -= WebView_SaveAsUIShowing;
            MessageBox.Show(isSilentSaveAs? "Silent Save As Enabled":"Silent Save As Disabled" , "Info");
        }
        // </ToggleSilent>

        // <SaveAsUIShowing>
        void WebView_SaveAsUIShowing(object sender, CoreWebView2SaveAsUIShowingEventArgs args)
        {
            args.SuppressDefaultDialog = true;

            // Developer can obtain a deferral for the event so that the CoreWebView2
            // doesn't examine the properties we set on the event args until
            // after the deferral completes asynchronously.
            CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();

            // We avoid potential reentrancy from running a message loop in the event
            // handler. Show the customized dialog later when complete the deferral
            // asynchronously.
            System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
            {
                using (deferral)
                {
                    var dialog = new SaveAsDialog(_saveAsKindList);
                    if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
                    {
                        args.Kind = (CoreWebView2SaveAsKind)dialog.SaveAsKind.SelectedItem;
                        args.SaveAsFilePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(dialog.Directory.Text, dialog.Filename.Text);
                        args.AllowReplace = (bool)dialog.AllowReplaceOldFile.IsChecked;

                        MessageBox.Show(
                            "Content Mime Type: " + args.ContentMimeType +"\n" +
                            "Fullpath: " + args.SaveAsFilePath + "\n" +
                            "Allow Replace: " + args.AllowReplace.ToString() + "\n" +
                            "Selected Save As Kind: " + args.Kind.ToString(),
                            "Save As Parameters Preview");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        args.Cancel = true;
                    }
                }
            }, null);

        }
        // </SaveAsUIShowing>

        // Simple function to retrieve fields from a JSON message.
        // For production code, you should use a real JSON parser library.
        string GetJSONStringField(string jsonMessage, string fieldName)
        {
            string prefix = $"\"{fieldName}\":\"";
            var start = jsonMessage.IndexOf(prefix) + prefix.Length;
            var end = jsonMessage.Substring(start).IndexOf("\"");
            return jsonMessage.Substring(start, end);
        }

        void FileExplorerExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.NavigationCompleted += delegate (
                object webview2, CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs args)
                {
                    if (args.IsSuccess && _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Source.Equals("https://appassets.example/ScenarioFileSystemHandleShare.html"))
                    {
                        _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.PostWebMessageAsJson("{ \"messageType\" : \"RootDirectoryHandle\" }", new List<object>()
                        {
                            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment.CreateWebFileSystemDirectoryHandle(
                                "C:\\",
                                CoreWebView2FileSystemHandlePermission.ReadOnly)
                        });
                    }
                };
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/ScenarioFileSystemHandleShare.html");
        }

        void ThrottlingControlExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.NewWindowRequested += delegate (
                    object webview2, CoreWebView2NewWindowRequestedEventArgs args)
                {
                    if (args.OriginalSourceFrameInfo?.Source == "https://appassets.example/ScenarioThrottlingControl.html")
                    {
                        CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();
                        MainWindow monitorWindow = new MainWindow(
                            _iWebView2.CreationProperties, true /*isNewWindowRequest*/);
                        monitorWindow.OnWebViewFirstInitialized = () =>
                        {
                            using (deferral)
                            {
                                args.Handled = true;
                                args.NewWindow = monitorWindow._iWebView2.CoreWebView2;

                                // handle messages from throttling control monitor.
                                monitorWindow._iWebView2.CoreWebView2.WebMessageReceived += WebView_WebMessageReceivedThrottlingControl;
                            }
                        };
                        monitorWindow.Show();
                    }
                };


            SetupIsolatedFramesHandler();
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/ScenarioThrottlingControl.html");
#endif
        }

#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
        void WebView_WebMessageReceivedThrottlingControl(object sender, CoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            var json = args.WebMessageAsJson;
            var command = GetJSONStringField(json, "command");
            Debug.WriteLine($"[throttling control] command: {command}");

            if (command == "set-interval")
            {
                var category = GetJSONStringField(json, "priority");
                var interval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, Int32.Parse(GetJSONStringField(json, "intervalMs")));

                if (category == "foreground")
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine("foreground");
                    // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredForegroundTimerWakeInterval = interval;
                }
                else if (category == "background")
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine("background");
                    // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredBackgroundTimerWakeInterval = interval;
                }
                else if (category == "untrusted")
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine("untrusted");
                    // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
                    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredOverrideTimerWakeInterval = interval;
                }
            }
            else if (command == "toggle-visibility")
            {
                SetWebViewVisibility(!IsWebViewVisible());
            }
            else if (command == "scenario")
            {
                var label = GetJSONStringField(json, "label");

                if (label == "interaction-throttle")
                {
                    OnNoUserInteraction();
                }
                else if (label == "interaction-reset")
                {
                    OnUserInteraction();
                }
                else if (label == "hidden-unthrottle")
                {
                    HideWebView();
                }
                else if (label == "hidden-reset")
                {
                    ShowWebView();
                }
            }
        }

        // <ThrottlingControl>
        TimeSpan DefaultTimerIntervalForeground;
        TimeSpan DefaultTimerIntervalBackground;
        TimeSpan DefaultTimerIntervalIntensive;
        TimeSpan DefaultTimerIntervalOverride;

        // The primary use-case here is an app embedding 3rd party content and wanting
        // to be able to independently limit the performance impact of it. Generally,
        // that's something like "low battery, throttle more" or "giving the frame N
        // seconds to run some logic, throttle less".
        void SetupIsolatedFramesHandler()
        {
            // You can use the frame properties to determine whether it should be
            // marked to be throttled separately from main frame.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated += (sender, args) =>
            {
                if (args.Frame.Name == "untrusted")
                {
                    args.Frame.UseOverrideTimerWakeInterval = true;
                }
            };

            // Restrict frames selected by the above callback to always match the default
            // timer interval for background frames.
            // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredOverrideTimerWakeInterval = DefaultTimerIntervalBackground;
        }

        // This sample app calls this method when receiving a simulated event from its
        // control monitor, but your app can decide how and when to go into this state.
        void OnNoUserInteraction()
        {
            // User is not interactive, keep webview visible but throttle foreground
            // timers to 500ms.
            // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredForegroundTimerWakeInterval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 500);
        }

        void OnUserInteraction()
        {
            // User is interactive again, set foreground timer interval back to its
            // default value.
            // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredForegroundTimerWakeInterval = DefaultTimerIntervalForeground;
        }

        // Prepares the WebView to go into hidden mode with no background timer
        // throttling.
        void HideWebView()
        {
            // This WebView2 will remain hidden but needs to keep running timers.
            // Unthrottle background timers.
            // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredBackgroundTimerWakeInterval = new TimeSpan(0);
            // Effectively disable intensive throttling by overriding its timer interval.
            // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredIntensiveTimerWakeInterval = new TimeSpan(0);
            SetWebViewVisibility(false);
        }

        // Shows the WebView and restores default throttling behavior.
        void ShowWebView()
        {
            SetWebViewVisibility(true);
            // _iWebView2 is the WPF WebView2 control class.
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredBackgroundTimerWakeInterval = DefaultTimerIntervalBackground;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Settings.PreferredIntensiveTimerWakeInterval = DefaultTimerIntervalIntensive;
        }
        // </ThrottlingControl>
#endif

        // <ScreenCaptureStarting0>
        private bool isScreenCaptureEnabled = true;

        void WebView_ScreenCaptureStarting(object sender, CoreWebView2ScreenCaptureStartingEventArgs args)
        {
            // Get Frame Info
            CoreWebView2FrameInfo frameInfo;
            frameInfo = args.OriginalSourceFrameInfo;

            // Frame Source
            string frameSource;
            frameSource = frameInfo.Source;

            args.Cancel = !isScreenCaptureEnabled;
        }

        void TogglScreenCaptureEnabledCmdExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            isScreenCaptureEnabled = !isScreenCaptureEnabled;
            MessageBox.Show(isScreenCaptureEnabled ? "Screen Capture Enabled" : "Screen Capture Disabled", "Info");
#endif
        }

        // </ScreenCaptureStarting0>
        // <FileTypePolicy>
        void FileTypePolicyExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting += WebView_SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded += WebView_FileTypePolicy_DOMContentLoaded;
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SetVirtualHostNameToFolderMapping(
                "appassets.example", "assets", CoreWebView2HostResourceAccessKind.DenyCors);
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Navigate("https://appassets.example/SecnarioFileTypePolicy.html");
            MessageBox.Show("Example rules of Dangerous File Security Policy has been applied in this demo page",
                            "Info");
        }
        // </FileTypePolicy>

        // <SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting>
        void WebView_SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting(object sender, CoreWebView2SaveFileSecurityCheckStartingEventArgs args)
        {

            // Suppress default policy for ".eml" file.
            if (string.Equals(args.FileExtension, ".eml", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                args.SuppressDefaultPolicy = true;
            }

            // Cancel save/download for ".iso" file.
            if (args.FileExtension == ".iso")
            {
                CoreWebView2Deferral deferral = args.GetDeferral();
                System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current.Post((_) =>
                {
                    using (deferral)
                    {
                        // With the deferral, the cancel decision and
                        // message box can be replaced with a customized UI.
                        args.CancelSave = true;
                        MessageBox.Show("The saving has been blocked", "Info");
                    }
                }, null);
            }
        }
        // </SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting>

        void WebView_FileTypePolicy_DOMContentLoaded(object sender, CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Turn off this scenario if we navigate away from the demo page.
            if (_iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Source != "https://appassets.example/SecnarioFileTypePolicy.html")
            {
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting -= WebView_SaveFileSecurityCheckStarting;
                _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.DOMContentLoaded -= WebView_FileTypePolicy_DOMContentLoaded;
            }

        }

        void DedicatedWorkerCreatedExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            RegisterForDedicatedWorkerCreated();
        }

        void RegisterForDedicatedWorkerCreated()
        {
        }
        void ServiceWorkerRegisteredExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            RegisterForServiceWorkerRegistered();
        }
        void RegisterForServiceWorkerRegistered()
        {
        }
        private void GetServiceWorkerRegistrationsExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            GetServiceWorkerRegistrations();
        }

        async void GetServiceWorkerRegistrations()
        {
            await Task.Delay(0);
        }

        void GetServiceWorkerRegisteredForScopeExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            GetServiceWorkerRegisteredForScope();
        }

        async void GetServiceWorkerRegisteredForScope()
        {
            await Task.Delay(0);
        }
        void SharedWorkerManagerExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            RegisterForSharedWorkerCreated();
        }

        void RegisterForSharedWorkerCreated()
        {
        }
        private void GetSharedWorkersExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            GetSharedWorkers();
        }

        async void GetSharedWorkers()
        {
            await Task.Delay(0);
        }
        async void ServiceWorkerSyncManagerExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            await Task.Delay(0);
        }
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
        List<CoreWebView2Frame> childFrames_ = new List<CoreWebView2Frame>();
#endif
        void ChildFrameEventsExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated += HandleChildFrameCreated;
#endif
        }
        void RemoveChildFrameEventsExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
            _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.FrameCreated -= HandleChildFrameCreated;
            for (int i = 0; i < childFrames_.Count; i++)
            {
                childFrames_[i].FrameCreated -= HandleChildFrameCreated;
                childFrames_[i].NavigationStarting -= HandleChildFrameNavigationStarting;
                childFrames_[i].ContentLoading -= HandleChildFrameContentLoading;
                childFrames_[i].DOMContentLoaded -= HandleChildFrameDOMContentLoaded;
                childFrames_[i].NavigationCompleted -= HandleChildFrameNavigationCompleted;
                childFrames_[i].Destroyed -= HandleChildFrameDestroyed;
            }
#endif
        }

#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
        void HandleChildFrameCreated(object sender, CoreWebView2FrameCreatedEventArgs args)
        {
            CoreWebView2Frame childFrame = args.Frame;
            childFrames_.Add(args.Frame);
            string name = String.IsNullOrEmpty(childFrame.Name) ? "none" : childFrame.Name;
            MessageBox.Show(this, "Id: " + childFrame.FrameId + " name: " + name, "Child frame created", MessageBoxButton.OK);
            // <FrameChildFrameCreated>
            childFrame.FrameCreated += HandleChildFrameCreated;
            // </FrameChildFrameCreated>
            childFrame.NavigationStarting += HandleChildFrameNavigationStarting;
            childFrame.ContentLoading += HandleChildFrameContentLoading;
            childFrame.DOMContentLoaded += HandleChildFrameDOMContentLoaded;
            childFrame.NavigationCompleted += HandleChildFrameNavigationCompleted;
            childFrame.Destroyed += HandleChildFrameDestroyed;
        }

        void HandleChildFrameDestroyed(object sender, object args) {
            var frameToRemove = childFrames_.SingleOrDefault(r => r.IsDestroyed() == 1);
            if (frameToRemove != null)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(this, "Id: " + frameToRemove.FrameId + " FrameDestroyed", "Child frame Destroyed", MessageBoxButton.OK);
                childFrames_.Remove(frameToRemove);
            }
        }

        void HandleChildFrameNavigationStarting(object sender, CoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventArgs args)
        {
            CoreWebView2Frame Frame = (CoreWebView2Frame)sender;
            MessageBox.Show(this, "Id: " + Frame.FrameId + " NavigationStarting", "Child frame Navigation", MessageBoxButton.OK);
        }

        void HandleChildFrameContentLoading(object sender, CoreWebView2ContentLoadingEventArgs args)
        {
            CoreWebView2Frame Frame = (CoreWebView2Frame)sender;
            MessageBox.Show(this, "Id: " + Frame.FrameId + " ContentLoading", "Child frame Content Loading", MessageBoxButton.OK);
        }

        void HandleChildFrameDOMContentLoaded(object sender, CoreWebView2DOMContentLoadedEventArgs args)
        {
            CoreWebView2Frame Frame = (CoreWebView2Frame)sender;
            MessageBox.Show(this, "Id: " + Frame.FrameId + " DOMContentLoaded", "Child frame DOM Content Loaded", MessageBoxButton.OK);
        }

        void HandleChildFrameNavigationCompleted(object sender, CoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs args)
        {
            CoreWebView2Frame Frame = (CoreWebView2Frame)sender;
            MessageBox.Show(this, "Id: " + Frame.FrameId + " NavigationCompleted", "Child frame Navigation Completed", MessageBoxButton.OK);
        }
#endif
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

private CoreWebView2FindOptions _findOptions;
private bool _findEventHandlersSet = false;
private string _lastSearchTerm = string.Empty;
#endif
void StartExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2 == null || _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find == null)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Find API is unavailable.");
        return;
    }

    var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
        title: "Find on Page Term",
        description: "Enter find term:",
        defaultInput: "WebView2");

    if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
    {
        _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.Stop();


        if (_findOptions == null)
        {
            _findOptions = CreateDefaultFindOptions();
        }

        _findOptions.FindTerm = dialog.Input.Text;

        SetupFindEventHandlers();

        _ = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.StartAsync(_findOptions);
    }
#endif
}

void FindNextExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.Find == null) return;
    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.FindNext();
#endif
}

void FindPreviousExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.Find == null) return;
    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.FindPrevious();
#endif
}

void StopFindExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.Stop();
#endif
}
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL
// Creating find options via environment
private CoreWebView2FindOptions CreateDefaultFindOptions()
{
    var webviewEnv = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Environment;
    if (webviewEnv == null) return null;

    var findOptions = webviewEnv.CreateFindOptions();
    findOptions.FindTerm = "WebView2";
    findOptions.IsCaseSensitive = false;
    findOptions.ShouldHighlightAllMatches = true;
    findOptions.ShouldMatchWord = false;
    findOptions.SuppressDefaultFindDialog = false;
    return findOptions;
}
#endif
void ChangeFindTermExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    // Make sure the WebView2 and its Find interface are available
    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2 == null || _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find == null)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Find API is unavailable or not yet initialized.");
        return;
    }

    // If we haven’t created _findOptions yet, do it now
    if (_findOptions == null)
    {
        _findOptions = CreateDefaultFindOptions();
    }

    // Prompt the user for a new find term
    var dialog = new TextInputDialog(
        title: "Change Find on Page Term",
        description: "Enter new find term:",
        defaultInput: _findOptions.FindTerm // show the current term if you like
    );

    // If user clicks OK, update the find term
    if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
    {
        _findOptions.FindTerm = dialog.Input.Text;
        _lastSearchTerm = _findOptions.FindTerm; // track if desired

        // We do *not* start the find here; that’s done in StartExecuted.
        MessageBox.Show($"Find term changed to: {_findOptions.FindTerm}", "Find on Page");
    }
#endif
}

void GetMatchCountExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.Find == null) return;

    int matchCount = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.MatchCount;
    MessageBox.Show($"Match Count: {matchCount}", "Find Operation", MessageBoxButton.OK);
#endif

}

void GetActiveMatchIndexExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.Find == null) return;

    int activeIndex = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.ActiveMatchIndex;
    MessageBox.Show($"Active Match Index: {activeIndex}", "Find Operation", MessageBoxButton.OK);
#endif

}

void ToggleCaseSensitiveExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    ToggleFindOptionAndRestart(
        () => _findOptions.IsCaseSensitive,
        val => _findOptions.IsCaseSensitive = val);
#endif

}

void ToggleShouldHighlightAllMatchesExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    ToggleFindOptionAndRestart(
        () => _findOptions.ShouldHighlightAllMatches,
        val => _findOptions.ShouldHighlightAllMatches = val);
#endif

}

void ToggleShouldMatchWordExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    ToggleFindOptionAndRestart(
        () => _findOptions.ShouldMatchWord,
        val => _findOptions.ShouldMatchWord = val);
#endif

}

void ToggleSuppressDefaultFindDialogExecuted(object target, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

    ToggleFindOptionAndRestart(
        () => _findOptions.SuppressDefaultFindDialog,
        val => _findOptions.SuppressDefaultFindDialog = val);
#endif

}
#if USE_WEBVIEW2_EXPERIMENTAL

private async void ToggleFindOptionAndRestart(Func<bool> optionGetter, Action<bool> optionSetter)
{
    if (_iWebView2?.CoreWebView2?.Find == null)
        return;

    _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.Stop();


    if (_findOptions == null)
    {
        _findOptions = CreateDefaultFindOptions(); 
    }

    bool currentVal = optionGetter();
    optionSetter(!currentVal);

    await _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find.StartAsync(_findOptions);
}

private void SetupFindEventHandlers()
{
    if (_findEventHandlersSet) return; // Only attach once
    var findObject = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find;
    findObject.MatchCountChanged += FindObject_MatchCountChanged;
    findObject.ActiveMatchIndexChanged += FindObject_ActiveMatchIndexChanged;
    _findEventHandlersSet = true;
}

private void RemoveFindEventHandlers()
{
    if (!_findEventHandlersSet) return;
    var findObject = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find;
    findObject.MatchCountChanged -= FindObject_MatchCountChanged;
    findObject.ActiveMatchIndexChanged -= FindObject_ActiveMatchIndexChanged;
    _findEventHandlersSet = false;
}

private void FindObject_MatchCountChanged(object sender, object e)
{
    var findObject = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find;
    int matchCount = findObject.MatchCount;
    Debug.WriteLine($"[FindOnPage] MatchCountChanged -> {matchCount}");
}

private void FindObject_ActiveMatchIndexChanged(object sender, object e)
{
    var findObject = _iWebView2.CoreWebView2.Find;
    int activeIndex = findObject.ActiveMatchIndex;
    Debug.WriteLine($"[FindOnPage] ActiveMatchIndexChanged -> {activeIndex}");
}
#endif

    }
}