Language-Of-Things-Training/02-logic/conditional-logic.lotnb at main · CorefluxCommunity/Language-Of-Things-Training · GitHub

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[
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "# Conditional Logic - Smart Decision Making\r\n\r\n[⬅️ Previous: Topic Actions](../01-basics/topic-actions.lotnb) | [🏠 Back to Index](../index.lotnb) | [➡️ Next: Basic Models](../03-models/basic-models.lotnb)\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n<details>\r\n<summary><strong>Navigation Menu</strong></summary>\r\n\r\n| Section | Tutorials |\r\n|---------|----------|\r\n| **Setup** | [Environment Setup](../00-setup/verify-environment.lotnb) |\r\n| **Basics** | [Timed Actions](../01-basics/timed-actions.lotnb) \\| [Topic Actions](../01-basics/topic-actions.lotnb) |\r\n| **Logic** | [Conditional Logic](./conditional-logic.lotnb) |\r\n| **Models** | [Basic Models](../03-models/basic-models.lotnb) \\| [Action Models](../03-models/action-models.lotnb) \\| [Inheritance](../03-models/model-inheritance.lotnb) |\r\n| **Routes** | [MQTT Bridge](../04-routes/mqtt-bridge.lotnb) \\| [Database](../04-routes/database-routes.lotnb) |\r\n| **Python** | [Simple](../05-python/simple-python.lotnb) \\| [Advanced](../05-python/advanced-python.lotnb) |\r\n\r\n</details>\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n> **CAUTION - Free Tier Resource Limits**\r\n>\r\n> The free version of Coreflux has resource limits:\r\n> - **Routes**: 2 maximum\r\n> - **Actions**: 12 maximum\r\n> - **Models**: 40 maximum\r\n>\r\n> Delete unused resources before creating new ones during exercises.\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n## Learning Objectives\r\n\r\nIn this tutorial, you will learn:\r\n- IF/ELSE statement syntax and logic\r\n- Comparison operators (=, >, <, >=, <=, !=)\r\n- Complex conditional chains with multiple conditions\r\n- Counter logic with state persistence\r\n- Boolean logic and text matching\r\n- Building intelligent automation systems\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n## 📖 Introduction\r\n\r\n**Conditional Logic** is what makes LoT truly intelligent. It enables:\r\n- Smart decision making based on data\r\n- Automated responses to different conditions\r\n- Complex business logic implementation\r\n- Threshold-based monitoring and alerts\r\n\r\n### Real-World Applications\r\n- **Quality Control**: Reject products outside specifications\r\n- **Safety Systems**: Shut down equipment when limits exceeded\r\n- **Process Optimization**: Adjust parameters based on conditions\r\n- **Predictive Maintenance**: Alert when patterns indicate issues\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n## 🧠 Core Concepts\r\n\r\n### IF/ELSE Syntax\r\n\r\n```lot\r\nIF condition THEN\r\n    // Actions when condition is true\r\nELSE\r\n    // Actions when condition is false\r\n```\r\n\r\n### Comparison Operators\r\n\r\n- `=` or `EQUALS` - Equal to\r\n- `>` - Greater than\r\n- `<` - Less than\r\n- `>=` - Greater than or equal\r\n- `<=` - Less than or equal\r\n- `!=` or `NOT EQUALS` - Not equal to\r\n\r\n### Text Operations\r\n\r\n- `CONTAINS \"text\"` - Check if payload contains text\r\n- `EQUALS \"text\"` - Exact text match\r\n- String concatenation with `+`\r\n\r\n### Boolean Logic\r\n\r\n- `AND` - Both conditions must be true\r\n- `OR` - Either condition can be true\r\n- `NOT` - Inverts the condition\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n## 🛠️ Hands-On Examples\r\n\r\n### Example 1: Simple Temperature Monitor\r\n\r\nLet's create a basic temperature monitoring system:"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION TemperatureMonitor\r\nON TOPIC \"sensors/+/temperature\" DO\r\n    SET \"sensor_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 2\r\n    \r\n    // Check temperature ranges\r\n    IF PAYLOAD > 80 THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"alarms/temperature/\" + {sensor_id} WITH \"HIGH - Temperature: \" + PAYLOAD + \"°C\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"alarms/temperature/\" + {sensor_id} + \"/level\" WITH \"HIGH\"\r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD > 60 THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"status/temperature/\" + {sensor_id} WITH \"NORMAL - Temperature: \" + PAYLOAD + \"°C\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"status/temperature/\" + {sensor_id} + \"/level\" WITH \"NORMAL\"\r\n    ELSE\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"status/temperature/\" + {sensor_id} WITH \"LOW - Temperature: \" + PAYLOAD + \"°C\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"status/temperature/\" + {sensor_id} + \"/level\" WITH \"LOW\""
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\r\n- Monitors temperature readings from any sensor\r\n- Classifies temperatures into HIGH (>80°C), NORMAL (60-80°C), LOW (<60°C)\r\n- Routes messages to different topics based on severity\r\n- Provides both descriptive messages and simple level indicators\r\n- Demonstrates multi-level conditional logic\r\n\r\n**Test it:**\r\n```\r\nPublish to: sensors/temp001/temperature\r\nPayload: 85\r\nResults:\r\n  alarms/temperature/temp001: \"HIGH - Temperature: 85°C\"\r\n  alarms/temperature/temp001/level: \"HIGH\"\r\n```\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n### Example 2: Smart Counter with Limits \r\n\r\nLet's build an intelligent counter system:"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION SmartCounter\r\nON TOPIC \"counter/+/increment\" DO\r\n    SET \"counter_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 2\r\n    SET \"current_value\" WITH (GET TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/value\" AS INT)\r\n    PUBLISH TOPIC \"teste\" WITH {current_value}\r\n    SET \"increment_amount\" WITH PAYLOAD\r\n    SET \"new_value\" WITH ({current_value} + {increment_amount})\r\n    \r\n    // Check counter limits\r\n    IF {new_value} > 1000 THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/error\" WITH \"Counter overflow! Attempted value: \" + {new_value}\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"ERROR\"\r\n    ELSE IF {new_value} < 0 THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/error\" WITH \"Counter underflow! Attempted value: \" + {new_value}\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"ERROR\"\r\n    ELSE\r\n        // Valid increment\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/value\" WITH {new_value}\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/last_increment\" WITH {increment_amount}\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/last_update\" WITH TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"OK\"\r\n        \r\n        // Milestone notifications\r\n        IF {new_value} = 100 THEN\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/milestone\" WITH \"Reached 100!\"\r\n        ELSE IF {new_value} = 500 THEN\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"counters/\" + {counter_id} + \"/milestone\" WITH \"Reached 500!\""
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\r\n- Accepts increment commands for any counter\r\n- Validates new values against limits (0-1000)\r\n- Prevents overflow and underflow conditions\r\n- Tracks increment history and timestamps\r\n- Provides milestone notifications\r\n- Demonstrates complex validation logic\r\n\r\n**Test it:**\r\n```\r\nPublish to: counter/production001/increment\r\nPayload: 10\r\nResults:\r\n  counters/production001/value: 10\r\n  counters/production001/last_increment: 10\r\n  counters/production001/status: \"OK\"\r\n```\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n### Example 3: Production Line Controller \r\n\r\nLet's create a production line control system:"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION ProductionLineController\r\nON TOPIC \"production/+/command\" DO\r\n    SET \"line_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 2\r\n    SET \"current_status\" WITH GET TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/status\"\r\n    \r\n    // Process different commands\r\n    IF PAYLOAD EQUALS \"START\" THEN\r\n        IF {current_status} EQUALS \"STOPPED\" OR {current_status} EQUALS EMPTY THEN\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"STARTING\"\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/start_time\" WITH TIMESTAMP \"UNIX\"\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/parts_produced\" WITH 0\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"logs/production/\" + {line_id} WITH \"Line started at \" + TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n        ELSE\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/error\" WITH \"Cannot start - Line is \" + {current_status}\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD EQUALS \"STOP\" THEN\r\n        IF {current_status} EQUALS \"RUNNING\" OR {current_status} EQUALS \"STARTING\" THEN\r\n            SET \"runtime\" WITH (TIMESTAMP \"UNIX\" - GET TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/start_time\" AS DOUBLE)\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"STOPPED\"\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/total_runtime\" WITH {runtime}\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"logs/production/\" + {line_id} WITH \"Line stopped after \" + {runtime} + \" seconds\"\r\n        ELSE\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/error\" WITH \"Cannot stop - Line is \" + {current_status}\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD EQUALS \"RESET\" THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"STOPPED\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/parts_produced\" WITH 0\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/total_runtime\" WITH 0\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"logs/production/\" + {line_id} WITH \"Line reset at \" + TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n    \r\n    ELSE\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"production/\" + {line_id} + \"/error\" WITH \"Unknown command: \" + PAYLOAD"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\n- Processes START, STOP, and RESET commands for production lines\n- Validates commands against current line status\n- Tracks start times and calculates runtime\n- Maintains production counters and logs\n- Prevents invalid state transitions\n- Demonstrates complex state machine logic\n\n**Test it:**\n```\nPublish to: production/line001/command\nPayload: \"START\"\nResults:\n  production/line001/status: \"STARTING\"\n  production/line001/start_time: 1729864215\n  production/line001/parts_produced: 0\n  logs/production/line001: \"Line started at 2025-10-25T14:30:15Z\"\n```\n\n---\n\n### Example 4: Quality Control System - Progressive Build-Up\n\nLet's build a quality control system step by step to understand each component:\n\n#### Step 1: Basic Quality Check (Single Threshold)"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION QualityStep1_BasicCheck\r\nON TOPIC \"quality/step1/+/measurement\" DO\r\n    SET \"station_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 3\r\n    SET \"measurement_value\" WITH PAYLOAD\r\n    \r\n    // Single threshold check\r\n    IF {measurement_value} > 21.5 THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"REJECT\"\r\n    ELSE\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"OK\""
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\r\n- Very simple: Just checks if measurement is too high\r\n- Only two outcomes: REJECT or OK\r\n- No counters, no complex logic\r\n\r\n**Test it:**\r\n```\r\nPublish to: quality/step1/station001/measurement\r\nPayload: 22.0\r\nResult: quality/station001/result: \"REJECT\"\r\n\r\nPublish to: quality/step1/station001/measurement  \r\nPayload: 20.0\r\nResult: quality/station001/result: \"OK\"\r\n```\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n#### Step 2: Two-Way Quality Check (Upper AND Lower Bounds)"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION QualityStep2_TwoWayCheck\r\nON TOPIC \"quality/step2/+/measurement\" DO\r\n    SET \"station_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 3\r\n    SET \"measurement_value\" WITH PAYLOAD\r\n    SET \"min_acceptable\" WITH 18.5\r\n    SET \"max_acceptable\" WITH 21.5\r\n    \r\n    // Check both upper and lower bounds\r\n    IF {measurement_value} < {min_acceptable} OR {measurement_value} > {max_acceptable} THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"REJECT\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reason\" WITH \"Out of spec: \" + {measurement_value}\r\n    ELSE\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"OK\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reason\" WITH \"In spec: \" + {measurement_value}"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\r\n- Checks both upper AND lower limits using OR\r\n- Uses variables for thresholds\r\n- Provides reason messages\r\n- Still no counters\r\n\r\n**Test it:**\r\n```\r\nPublish to: quality/step2/station001/measurement\r\nPayload: 17.0 → REJECT (too low)\r\nPayload: 22.0 → REJECT (too high)  \r\nPayload: 20.0 → OK (in range)\r\n```\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n#### Step 3: Three-Tier Quality System (No Counters)"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION QualityStep3_ThreeTier\r\nON TOPIC \"quality/step3/+/measurement\" DO\r\n    SET \"station_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 3\r\n    SET \"measurement_value\" WITH PAYLOAD\r\n    SET \"min_acceptable\" WITH 18.5\r\n    SET \"max_acceptable\" WITH 21.5\r\n    SET \"min_optimal\" WITH 19.0\r\n    SET \"max_optimal\" WITH 21.0\r\n    \r\n    // Three-tier classification\r\n    IF {measurement_value} < {min_acceptable} OR {measurement_value} > {max_acceptable} THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"REJECT\"\r\n    ELSE IF {measurement_value} >= {min_optimal} AND {measurement_value} <= {max_optimal} THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"OPTIMAL\"\r\n    ELSE\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"ACCEPTABLE\""
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\r\n- Three quality levels: REJECT, ACCEPTABLE, OPTIMAL\r\n- Uses ELSE IF for multiple conditions\r\n- Still no counters - just classification\r\n\r\n**Quality Ranges:**\r\n- REJECT: < 18.5 or > 21.5\r\n- OPTIMAL: 19.0 to 21.0\r\n- ACCEPTABLE: Everything else (18.5-19.0 or 21.0-21.5)\r\n\r\n**Test it:**\r\n```\r\nPublish to: quality/step3/station001/measurement\r\nPayload: 17.0 → REJECT\r\nPayload: 18.7 → ACCEPTABLE\r\nPayload: 20.0 → OPTIMAL\r\nPayload: 21.2 → ACCEPTABLE\r\nPayload: 22.0 → REJECT\r\n```\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n#### Step 4: Add Simple Counter (One Category)"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION QualityStep4_WithOneCounter\r\nON TOPIC \"quality/step4/+/measurement\" DO\r\n    SET \"station_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 3\r\n    SET \"measurement_value\" WITH PAYLOAD\r\n    SET \"max_acceptable\" WITH 21.5\r\n    \r\n    IF {measurement_value} > {max_acceptable} THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"REJECT\"\r\n        \r\n        // Add counter for rejects\r\n        SET \"reject_count\" WITH (GET TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reject_count\" AS INT) + 1\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reject_count\" WITH {reject_count}\r\n    ELSE\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"OK\""
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\r\n- Adds a counter that tracks REJECT count\r\n- Uses GET TOPIC with AS INT to read current count\r\n- Adds 1 and publishes back\r\n- Counter persists across measurements\r\n\r\n**Test it:**\r\n```\r\nPublish to: quality/step4/station001/measurement\r\nPayload: 22.0 → reject_count = 1\r\nPayload: 23.0 → reject_count = 2\r\nPayload: 20.0 → OK (counter unchanged)\r\nPayload: 24.0 → reject_count = 3\r\n```\r\n\r\n---\r\n\r\n#### Step 5: Complete Quality Control System (All Features)"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION QualityControlSystem\r\nON TOPIC \"quality/+/measurement\" DO\r\n    SET \"station_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 2\r\n    SET \"measurement_value\" WITH PAYLOAD\r\n    \r\n    // Quality thresholds\r\n    SET \"min_acceptable\" WITH 18.5\r\n    SET \"max_acceptable\" WITH 21.5\r\n    SET \"min_optimal\" WITH 19.0\r\n    SET \"max_optimal\" WITH 21.0\r\n    \r\n    // Determine quality level\r\n    IF {measurement_value} < {min_acceptable} OR {measurement_value} > {max_acceptable} THEN\r\n        // Reject - outside acceptable range\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"REJECT\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reason\" WITH \"Out of specification: \" + {measurement_value}\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"alarms/quality/\" + {station_id} WITH \"REJECT - Value: \" + {measurement_value}\r\n        \r\n        // Update reject counter\r\n        SET \"reject_count\" WITH ((GET TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reject_count\") + 1)\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reject_count\" WITH {reject_count}\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF {measurement_value} >= {min_optimal} AND {measurement_value} <= {max_optimal} THEN\r\n        // Optimal quality\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"OPTIMAL\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reason\" WITH \"Within optimal range: \" + {measurement_value}\r\n        \r\n        // Update optimal counter\r\n        SET \"optimal_count\" WITH ((GET TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/optimal_count\") + 1)\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/optimal_count\" WITH {optimal_count}\r\n    \r\n    ELSE\r\n        // Acceptable but not optimal\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/result\" WITH \"ACCEPTABLE\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/reason\" WITH \"Acceptable range: \" + {measurement_value}\r\n        \r\n        // Update acceptable counter\r\n        SET \"acceptable_count\" WITH ((GET TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/acceptable_count\") + 1)\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/acceptable_count\" WITH {acceptable_count}\r\n    \r\n    // Always update total count and timestamp\r\n    SET \"total_count\" WITH ((GET TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/total_count\") + 1)\r\n    PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/total_count\" WITH {total_count}\r\n    PUBLISH TOPIC \"quality/\" + {station_id} + \"/last_measurement\" WITH TIMESTAMP \"UTC\""
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\n- Implements a 3-tier quality control system (REJECT/ACCEPTABLE/OPTIMAL)\n- Uses multiple comparison operators and boolean logic\n- Maintains separate counters for each quality level\n- Provides detailed reasoning for each decision\n- Generates alarms for rejected items\n- Demonstrates complex multi-condition logic\n\n**Quality Ranges:**\n- **REJECT**: < 18.5 or > 21.5\n- **ACCEPTABLE**: 18.5-19.0 or 21.0-21.5\n- **OPTIMAL**: 19.0-21.0\n\n**Test it:**\n```\nPublish to: quality/station001/measurement\nPayload: 19.5\nResults:\n  quality/station001/result: \"OPTIMAL\"\n  quality/station001/reason: \"Within optimal range: 19.5\"\n  quality/station001/optimal_count: 1\n  quality/station001/total_count: 1\n```\n\n**This is the complete system** with all the features from Steps 1-4 combined.\n\n---\n\n### Example 5: Advanced Counter with Multiple Conditions\n\nLet's create a sophisticated counting system:"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION AdvancedCounterSystem\r\nON TOPIC \"machines/+/button\" DO\r\n    SET \"machine_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 2\r\n    \r\n    // Only process button press (true), ignore button release (false)\r\n    IF PAYLOAD EQUALS TRUE THEN\r\n        // Get current counters\r\n        SET \"current_count\" WITH GET TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/count\"\r\n        SET \"daily_count\" WITH GET TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/daily_count\"\r\n        SET \"total_count\" WITH GET TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/total_count\"\r\n        \r\n        // Increment all counters\r\n        SET \"new_count\" WITH ({current_count} + 1)\r\n        SET \"new_daily\" WITH ({daily_count} + 1)\r\n        SET \"new_total\" WITH ({total_count} + 1)\r\n        \r\n        // Check for counter limits and special conditions\r\n        IF {new_count} > 25 THEN\r\n            // Reset current counter and trigger maintenance\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/count\" WITH 0\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/maintenance\" WITH \"Counter limit reached - Maintenance required\"\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"alarms/maintenance/\" + {machine_id} WITH \"Cycle limit reached after 25 operations\"\r\n        ELSE\r\n            // Normal increment\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/count\" WITH {new_count}\r\n        \r\n        // Always update daily and total counters\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/daily_count\" WITH {new_daily}\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/total_count\" WITH {new_total}\r\n        \r\n        // Milestone notifications\r\n        IF {new_daily} = 100 THEN\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"achievements/\" + {machine_id} WITH \"Daily milestone: 100 operations completed!\"\r\n        ELSE IF {new_total} = 1000 THEN\r\n            PUBLISH TOPIC \"achievements/\" + {machine_id} WITH \"Total milestone: 1000 operations completed!\"\r\n        \r\n        // Update status\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/last_operation\" WITH TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"machines/\" + {machine_id} + \"/status\" WITH \"Active - Count: \" + {new_count}"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\n- Processes button press events (ignores button release)\n- Maintains three different counters: current, daily, and total\n- Implements automatic reset at 25 operations\n- Triggers maintenance alerts when limits reached\n- Provides milestone achievements at 100 and 1000 operations\n- Updates machine status and timestamps\n- Demonstrates complex counter management\n\n**Test it:**\n```\nPublish to: machines/press001/button\nPayload: true\nResults:\n  machines/press001/count: 1\n  machines/press001/daily_count: 1\n  machines/press001/total_count: 1\n  machines/press001/status: \"Active - Count: 1\"\n```\n\n---\n\n### Example 6: Text-Based Command Processor\n\nLet's process text commands with conditional logic:"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "DEFINE ACTION TextCommandProcessor\r\nON TOPIC \"commands/+/text\" DO\r\n    SET \"device_id\" WITH TOPIC POSITION 2\r\n    \r\n    // Process different command types\r\n    IF PAYLOAD CONTAINS \"start\" THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/action\" WITH \"STARTING\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/command_log\" WITH \"Start command received at \" + TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD CONTAINS \"stop\" THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/action\" WITH \"STOPPING\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/command_log\" WITH \"Stop command received at \" + TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD CONTAINS \"status\" THEN\r\n        SET \"current_status\" WITH GET TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/status\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/response\" WITH \"Current status: \" + {current_status}\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD CONTAINS \"reset\" THEN\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/action\" WITH \"RESETTING\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/counter\" WITH 0\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/error_count\" WITH 0\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/command_log\" WITH \"Reset command received at \" + TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n    \r\n    ELSE IF PAYLOAD CONTAINS \"emergency\" THEN\r\n        // Emergency stop - highest priority\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/action\" WITH \"EMERGENCY_STOP\"\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"alarms/emergency/\" + {device_id} WITH \"Emergency stop activated: \" + PAYLOAD\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/command_log\" WITH \"EMERGENCY: \" + PAYLOAD + \" at \" + TIMESTAMP \"UTC\"\r\n    \r\n    ELSE\r\n        // Unknown command\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/error\" WITH \"Unknown command: \" + PAYLOAD\r\n        SET \"error_count\" WITH ((GET TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/error_count\") + 1)\r\n        PUBLISH TOPIC \"devices/\" + {device_id} + \"/error_count\" WITH {error_count}"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "**What this does:**\n- Processes natural language commands using `CONTAINS`\n- Handles multiple command types: start, stop, status, reset, emergency\n- Maintains command logs with timestamps\n- Implements emergency stop with high priority routing\n- Tracks unknown commands and error counts\n- Demonstrates text processing and command routing\n\n**Test it:**\n```\nPublish to: commands/pump001/text\nPayload: \"please start the pump\"\nResults:\n  devices/pump001/action: \"STARTING\"\n  devices/pump001/command_log: \"Start command received at 2025-10-25T14:30:15Z\"\n```\n\n---\n\n## 🏋️ Exercises\n\n### Exercise 1: Simple Threshold Monitor\n**Task**: Create an action that monitors `sensors/+/pressure` and:\n- If pressure > 50: publish \"HIGH\" to `alerts/pressure/SENSOR_ID`\n- If pressure < 10: publish \"LOW\" to `alerts/pressure/SENSOR_ID`\n- Otherwise: publish \"NORMAL\" to `status/pressure/SENSOR_ID`"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "// Exercise 1: Write your solution here\n"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "### Exercise 2: Smart Light Controller\n**Task**: Create an action that processes `lights/+/command` and:\n- If payload is \"on\": set light status to \"ON\" and increment on_count\n- If payload is \"off\": set light status to \"OFF\" and increment off_count\n- If payload is \"toggle\": switch between ON/OFF based on current status\n- Track total_operations count"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "// Exercise 2: Write your solution here\n"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "### Exercise 3: Production Efficiency Calculator\n**Task**: Create an action that monitors `production/+/completed` and:\n- Tracks parts completed per hour\n- If rate > 100 parts/hour: status = \"EXCELLENT\"\n- If rate > 75 parts/hour: status = \"GOOD\"\n- If rate > 50 parts/hour: status = \"ACCEPTABLE\"\n- If rate <= 50 parts/hour: status = \"POOR\" and create alarm\n\n**Challenge**: Use timestamps to calculate actual hourly rates."
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "// Exercise 3: Write your solution here\n"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "### Exercise 4: Multi-Condition Alarm System\n**Task**: Create an action that processes `sensors/+/+/reading` (sensor_type/sensor_id/reading) and:\n- For temperature sensors: alarm if > 80°C or < 5°C\n- For pressure sensors: alarm if > 100 PSI or < 5 PSI\n- For vibration sensors: alarm if > 10 mm/s\n- Route alarms to `alarms/SENSOR_TYPE/SENSOR_ID`\n- Include sensor context in alarm messages"
  },
  {
    "kind": 2,
    "language": "lot",
    "value": "// Exercise 4: Write your solution here\n"
  },
  {
    "kind": 1,
    "language": "markdown",
    "value": "\n\n---\n\n## 🎯 Checkpoint Questions\n\n1. **What's the difference between `=` and `CONTAINS`?**\n   - Answer: `=` checks exact equality, `CONTAINS` checks if text is present anywhere in the payload\n\n2. **How do you chain multiple conditions?**\n   - Answer: Use `ELSE IF` for additional conditions, `AND`/`OR` for compound conditions\n\n3. **What happens if you don't provide an `ELSE` clause?**\n   - Answer: If no conditions match, no actions are executed\n\n4. **How do you check if a topic is empty or doesn't exist?**\n   - Answer: Use `EQUALS EMPTY` or compare against default values\n\n---\n\n## 📝 Summary\n\n### Key Concepts Learned\n✅ **IF/ELSE Logic** - Conditional execution based on data  \n✅ **Comparison Operators** - =, >, <, >=, <=, !=  \n✅ **Boolean Logic** - AND, OR, NOT combinations  \n✅ **Text Operations** - CONTAINS, EQUALS for string processing  \n✅ **State Management** - Persistent counters and status tracking  \n✅ **Complex Conditions** - Multi-level decision trees  \n\n### Logic Patterns Mastered\n- **Threshold Monitoring** - Comparing values against limits\n- **State Machines** - Managing device states and transitions\n- **Counter Management** - Increment, reset, and limit handling\n- **Command Processing** - Text-based command interpretation\n- **Quality Control** - Multi-criteria decision making\n\n### Next Steps\n- Practice building complex conditional logic\n- Experiment with different comparison operators\n- Try combining conditions with AND/OR\n- Move on to [Basic Models](../03-models/basic-models.lotnb) to learn data structures\n\n---\n\n## 🚀 Further Exploration\n\n### Advanced Logic Patterns\n- Nested IF statements for complex decision trees\n- Time-based conditions (business hours, weekends)\n- Statistical thresholds (moving averages, standard deviations)\n\n### Performance Considerations\n- Optimize condition order (most likely conditions first)\n- Minimize topic reads in complex conditions\n- Use variables to avoid repeated calculations\n\n### Real-World Projects\n- Build complete quality control systems\n- Create intelligent alarm management\n- Implement automated process control\n\n---\n\n**Ready to structure your data? Continue with [🏗️ Basic Models](../03-models/basic-models.lotnb)!**\n\n[⬅️ Previous: Topic Actions](../01-basics/topic-actions.lotnb) | [🏠 Back to Index](../index.lotnb) | [➡️ Next: Basic Models](../03-models/basic-models.lotnb)"
  }
]